Freud

Psychoanalysis

Sigmund Freud's theory focusing on unconscious motives influencing behavior.

Oedipus Complex

Freud's concept where a child has sexual feelings for the opposite-sex parent and hostile feelings toward the same-sex parent.

Unconscious

A level of mental life containing drives and instincts beyond awareness, motivating most human behaviors.

Preconscious

A mental state where images are not currently in awareness but can become conscious with ease or some difficulty.

Conscious

The mental state involving awareness and perception of external stimuli.

Id

The unconscious part of the mind that operates on the pleasure principle, containing basic instincts.

Ego

The rational part of the mind governed by reality principles, mediating between the id and the superego.

Superego

The moral component of the psyche, including the conscience and ego-ideal, representing societal standards.

Instincts

Innate impulses guiding behavior, categorized into life instincts (Eros) and death instincts (Thanatos).

Repression

A defense mechanism involving the unconscious blocking of anxiety-filled experiences.

Undoing

A defense mechanism aimed at nullifying unpleasant thoughts through repetitive actions.

Reaction Formation

A defense mechanism exhibiting behaviors or feelings that are opposite to one's true feelings.

Displacement

Redirecting emotions from the original source to a safer or substitute target.

Fixation

A condition where psychic energy is stuck at a particular stage of development, hindering growth.

Regression

The return to earlier, more infantile patterns of behavior in response to stress.

Projection

A defense mechanism where one attributes their own unacceptable feelings to others.

Introjection

Incorporating the qualities of others into one’s own personality to boost self-esteem.

Sublimation

Redirecting sexual or aggressive impulses into socially acceptable actions.

Stages of Development

Freud's theory describing psychosexual development through various phases: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital.

Oral Stage

The first psychosexual stage (birth to 1 year) focused on pleasure from oral activities.

Anal Stage

The second stage (1 to 3 years) centered around pleasure from bowel and bladder control.

Phallic Stage

The third stage (3 to 6 years) where children grapple with the Oedipus complex.

Latency Stage

The developmental stage (6 years to puberty) where sexual urges are dormant.

Genital Stage

The final psychosexual stage beginning at puberty, marked by mature sexual intimacy.

Dream Analysis

Freud's technique to interpret the manifest and latent content of dreams.

Freudian Slip

An accidental mistake in speech that reveals a person's true subconscious thoughts.

Defense Mechanisms

Psychological strategies used by the ego to protect against anxiety and stress.

Neurotic Anxiety

Anxiety stemming from the ego's relationship with the id.

Moral Anxiety

Anxiety related to the feelings of guilt from the superego.

Realistic Anxiety

Fear arising from real-world threats and challenges.

Castration Anxiety

Fear boys experience related to their masculinity and the possibility of losing their penis.

Penis Envy

The sense of loss or jealousy that a girl experiences over the male reproductive organ.

Therapeutic Techniques

Methods used in therapy, including free association and dream interpretation.

Transference

The process where patients redirect feelings for others onto the therapist.

Latent Content

The hidden, unconscious meaning behind the manifest content of a dream.

Manifest Content

The literal storyline and imagery of a dream as remembered by the dreamer.

Gender Bias

A critique of Freud's theories due to perceived male-centric views.

Deterministic View

Freud's belief that behavior is determined by unconscious factors.

Biological Emphasis

Freud's focus on biological drives over cultural influences in shaping personality.

Teleology

The explanation of phenomena by the purpose they serve rather than by postulated causes.

Psychosexual Development

Freud's model of development through various sexual stages.

Primary Narcissism

A state of self-centeredness present from infancy.

Secondary Narcissism

A form of narcissism developed during adolescence or adulthood.

Erogenous Zones

Areas of the body that are particularly sensitive to stimulation and associated with pleasure.