Computer Hardware Unit Test

what does Ram stand for

Random access memory

what does ram do

offers temporary quick access storage, the cpu keeps used files there to pull in and out more quickly than if it were on a hardrive

what does having more ram benifit you

more ram means faster loading speeds, ram is often put to use in loading games, video editing, and just having multiple things open at once

what is the current version of ram

ddr5

DDR4 is…

• the previous generation but still in use

• less expensive

• 3200MHz is the best cost per performance

DDR4

• current generation

• very expensive

• low 6000MHz is the best cost per performance

what sizes does ram sticks come in

8GB, 16GB, 32GB

what is the recommended ram needed for most computers

16GB

volatile vs non volatile memory

• volitile: stores data with electricity, no electrical current = wiped memory

• non volitile: can store data without electricity

is ram volitile or non volatile

volitile

What does NVMe stand for

non volatile memory express

how does the nvme/harddrive work with ram

the computer takes high demand information off the harddrive and puts it into ram which is faster, this slows down loading times as the computer can retrieve information from a closer source

what does the space between the memory and the cpu have to do with speed

the closer the memory is to the board, the faster the computer can access info

what are the levels of storage

CPU → cache (lvl. 1, 2, 3, 4)→ RAM→ storage (solid state drive SSD and hard disk drive HDD)

what is cache

on board memory, located on the cpu, prepares the next calculation for the cores

what is a cpu

central processing unit, processing all data in a computer

what is a GHz

is how many calculations a core of a cpu can do in a second (in 1 bilions) so 3.5GHz is 3.5 billions cycles/ticks/calculations

whay does the PSU do

it turns electricity from the outlet into something the computer can actually use, good psu also keep the power from fluctuating which can damage parts of your pc

what is the efficiency ranking for psu

how much of the power from the outlet is converted into usable energy and how much is lost as heat

what are the levels of the efficiency rating

bronze, silver, gold, platinum, titanium

how much power should you get

aim for about 200Watts over ehat your computer actually needs

modular vs non modular Psu

• modular: cables not included, can be bought and added to the system by the user

• non modular: permanent cables attached to the system, if there is unused slots the cables has nowhere to go, can become unsightly

what are the main CPU brands

AMD and Intel

what are intels cpu levels

i3, i5, i7, i9

what are AMD Cpu levels

ryzen 3, 5, 7, 9

what is a GPU

graphic processing unit, used to generate and render 3d models, complex images etc

what are the 2 main gpu brands

Nvidia and AMD

is NVMe a type of ssd

yes

what does WiFi stand for

wireless fidelity

what is a IP address

a set of 4 numbers that create an internet address for your home, the router know waht signal to send to what device using the ip

private iP and public ip

public ip: the ip address your modem assumes, given my the internet provider, the public ip is what all outside devices see

private ip: the ip of your private devices

IP address range

0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255

MAC address range

XX,XX,XX,XX,XX,XX

MAC address vs ip

ip address is given by the router to the device and can be changed

mac address is permanent to the device

what does LAN stand for

local area network

what is lan

a network that is contained within 1 building or a few adjacent buildings

what does IP stand for

Internet protocal address

what does mac stand for

media access control

what is MAN

a network that spans a large area, can reach counties or cities

what does MAN stand for

Metropolitan area network

what does WAN stand for

wide area network

what is wan

a country wide network

what is ethernet

a wired option to connect networks

what is a twisted pair

the wire formation for an ethernet cable, 4 pairs, 8 colours → 1 stripped 1 solid

what is network speed measured in

megabits per second

what is the analogy for bandwidth

speed limit and lanes in a highway, the cars all go the same speed but more lanes allows them to get to a destination quicker

conversion of megabits to megabytes

8 megabits: 1megabyte

how fast is CAT6

1 gigabit/second

what does the modem do

translates signals from all the devices connected to the wifi