Major Muscles - Biomed

1.2.3

Frontalis

Location: Forehead; Origin: Connective tissue over the skull; Insertion: Skin of the eyebrows and forehead

Temporalis

Location: Side of skull; Origin: Temporal bone of skull; Insertion: Coronoid process of mandible (jawbone)

Masseter

Location: Side of jaw; Origin: Zygomatic arch (cheekbone); Insertion: Outer side of mandible (jawbone)

Orbicularis oculi

Location: Around the eye; Origin: Inner corner of eye socket; Insertion: Skin around the eyelids and eye socket

Orbicularis oris

Location: Around the mouth; Origin: Muscles around the mouth and upper jaw; Insertion: Skin and muscle around the lips

Sternocleidomastoid

Location: Side of neck; Origin: Sternum (breastbone) and clavicle (collarbone); Insertion: Mastoid process behind the ear

Trapezius

Location: Upper back and neck; Origin: Base of skull and spine of neck and upper back; Insertion: Clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula (shoulder blade)

Deltoid

Location: Shoulder; Origin: Clavicle and scapula (shoulder blade); Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus (upper-arm bone)

Rhomboid major

Location: Upper back, between spine and shoulder blade; Origin: Upper thoracic vertebrae; Insertion: Medial border of scapula (inner edge of shoulder blade)

Diaphragm

Location: Between chest and abdomen; Origin: Lower sternum, lower ribs, and lumbar vertebrae; Insertion: Central tendon of diaphragm

Pectoralis major

Location: Front of chest; Origin: Clavicle, sternum, and upper costal cartilages; Insertion: Humerus (upper-arm bone)

Latissimus dorsi

Location: Mid-to-lower back; Origin: Lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and lower ribs; Insertion: Humerus (upper-arm bone)

Serratus anterior

Location: Side of chest over the ribs; Origin: Outer surfaces of upper 8–9 ribs; Insertion: Front surface of medial border of scapula (shoulder blade)

External intercostals

Location: Between the ribs; Origin: Lower edge of the rib above; Insertion: Upper edge of the rib below

Rectus abdominis

Location: Front of abdomen; Origin: Pubic crest and pubic symphysis; Insertion: Xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5–7

External oblique

Location: Sides of abdomen; Origin: Outer surfaces of ribs 5–12; Insertion: Linea alba, pubic tubercle, and iliac crest

Internal oblique

Location: Deep side of abdomen; Origin: Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inguinal ligament; Insertion: Lower ribs, linea alba, and pubis

Transversus abdominis

Location: Deepest abdominal layer; Origin: Lower costal cartilages, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inguinal ligament; Insertion: Linea alba and pubis

Biceps brachii

Location: Front of upper arm; Origin: Two points on scapula (shoulder blade); Insertion: Radial tuberosity of radius (forearm bone)

Brachialis

Location: Deep front of upper arm; Origin: Lower front of humerus; Insertion: Coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna (forearm bone)

Triceps brachii

Location: Back of upper arm; Origin: Scapula and back of humerus; Insertion: Olecranon of ulna (elbow tip)

Flexor carpi radialis

Location: Front of forearm, thumb side; Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus; Insertion: Bases of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals (hand bones)

Extensor digitorum

Location: Back of forearm; Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus; Insertion: Extensor expansions of fingers 2–5

Gluteus maximus

Location: Buttocks; Origin: Posterior ilium, sacrum, and coccyx; Insertion: Iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur

Gluteus medius

Location: Outer side of hip; Origin: Outer surface of ilium; Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

Iliopsoas

Location: Deep front of hip; Origin: Lumbar vertebrae (psoas major) and inner ilium (iliacus); Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur

Adductor longus

Location: Inner thigh; Origin: Pubic body; Insertion: Middle third of linea aspera of femur

Rectus femoris

Location: Front of thigh; Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine and upper rim of hip socket; Insertion: Tibial tuberosity through patella and patellar ligament

Biceps femoris

Location: Back of thigh; Origin: Ischial tuberosity (long head) and linea aspera of femur (short head); Insertion: Head of fibula

Tibialis anterior

Location: Front of lower leg (shin); Origin: Lateral tibia and interosseous membrane; Insertion: Medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

Gastrocnemius

Location: Superficial calf; Origin: Medial and lateral condyles of femur; Insertion: Calcaneus (heel bone) through Achilles tendon

Soleus

Location: Deep calf, beneath gastrocnemius; Origin: Back of tibia and fibula; Insertion: Calcaneus (heel bone) through Achilles tendo