Module 2 Lesson 1: Water and its Solutions

Polar Molecules

molecules that have an unequal distribution of charges, meaning they have oppositely charged regions

Van Der Waals Forces

regions of opposite charges that cause weak electrostatic attractions between molecules. named after a Dutch physicist Johannes van der Waals, who first described the phenomenon

Hydrogen Bond

a weak interaction involving a hydrogen atom and flurine, oxygen, or nitrogen atom from a different molecule

Mixture

a combination of two or more substances in which each substance retains its individual characteristics and properties

Solution

homogeneous mixture formed when a substance is dissolved by another substance

Solvent

a substance in which another substance is dissolved

Solute

the substaance that is dissolved in the solvent

Acids

substances that release hydrogen ions when they are dissolved in water

Bases

substances that release hydroxide ions when they are dissolved in water

pH

The measure of concentration of H⁺ in a solution

Buffers

mixtures that can react with acids or bases to keep the pH within a particular range