BUS235 Crime (Chapter 6)

Felony

Serious crime for which a defendant can be sentenced to one year or more in prison

Entrapment

When the government induces the defendant to break the law

Fourth Amendment

Constitution prohibits the government from making illegal searches and seizure of individuals, corporations, partnerships, and other organizations

The Exclusionary Rule

Government may not use evidence that was illegally obtained

Double Jeopardy

Defendant may be prosecuted only once for a particular criminal offense

Fifth Amendment

Constitution prohibits the government from forcing people to provide evidence against themselves

Embezzlement

Fraudulent conversion of property already in the defendants possession

Racketeering Influences and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO)

Prohibits using two or more racketeering acts to accomplish any of theses goals: (1) investing in or acquiring legitimate businesses with criminal money, (2) maintaining or acquiring businesses through criminal activity, or (3) operating businesses through criminal activity

Foreign Corrupt Practices ACT (FCPA)

Prohibits the bribery of foreign officials

Restitution

Defendant must reimburse the victim for the harm suffered

Magistrate

Judge who tries minor criminal cases or undertakes primarily administrative responsibilities

Indictment

Governments formal charge that the defendant has committed a crime and must stand trial

Arraignment

First formal court appearance where a defendant hears the charges against them, if advised of their constitutional rights, and enters a plea

Larceny

Taking personal property that is in someone else possession with the intent to steal it

Treble Damages

A judgement for three times the harm actually suffered

Federal Sentencing Guidelines

The detailed rules that judges must follow when sentencing defendants convicted of federal crimes