Lab Quiz #3

• no symmetry

• pores

• no tissues

• osculum

porifera

• unsegmented round worm shape

• curled ends

• outer cuticle covering the body

Nematoda

• clear organ system

• toe

• corona

Syndermata

• radial symmetry

• polyp or medusa

• cnidocytes

• diploblastic

Cnidaria

Cnidaria (sea amenmones and corals)

• polyp

• radial symmetry

Anthozoa

Cnidaria

• box-like medusa

• cnidocytes on tentacles

• radial symmetry

Cubozoa

Cnidaria (jellies)

• circular medusa

• radial symmetry

• Cnidocytes on tentacles

Scyphozoa

Cnidaria (hydroids)

• thinner polyp

• radial symmetry

Hydrozoa

• Segmented round worm body shape

• parapodia visible in bristle worms

Annelida

Annelida (earthworms & leeches)

• no parapodia

• ring like segments

• Clitellata

Mollusca

• muscular foot

• Mantle

• shell in most soft bodied

Mollusca

• two shelled

• laterally compressed with a small muscular foot

• soft bodied

• no head

• non-segmented

bivalvia

mollusca

• 8 dorsal plates

• oval shaped

• mantle

• large, flat foot

Polyplacophora

mollusca

• soft bodied

• long flat muscular foot

• spiral shape of shell

• mantle

• non segmented

• distinct head and eyes

gastropoda

Mollusca

• Soft bodied

• large head

• mouth surrounded by arms/tentacles

• shell missing

• non segmented

• elongated body

Cephalopoda

• flattened worm shape

• triploblastic

• 
  Platyhelminthes

platyhelminthes (tapeworms)

• flat

• long

• proglottids

Cestoda

platyhelminthes (flukes)

• flat

• no proglottids

• hooks

trematoda

• post-anal tail

• notochord

• dorsal/hallow nerve cord

• pharyngeal slits

Chordata

chordata (lancets)

• blade-like shape

• notochord

• few cm long

• without a backbone

Cephalochordata

chordata (sea squirts)

• without a backbone

• notochord

• pharygeal slits

• undergo metamorphosis

urochordata

chordata

• have a backbone

• notochord

• jaws

Vertebrata

• jointed appendages

• exoskeleton (chitin)

• Arthropoda

arthropoda

• one pair of antennae

• one pair of mandible

• head region with segmented pairs of appendages

• two pairs of maxillae

• lots of little feet

myriapoda

arthropoda (ticks, mites, spiders, scorpions, and horseshoe crabs)

• fangs/pincers

• 4 pairs of eyes

• 6 pairs of appendages

• no mandibles

• 
  

• Chelicerata

arthropoda

• insecta

  • 3 pairs of legs

  • 3 body sections

  • 1 pair of antennae

  • unbranched appendages

• Hexapoda

arthropoda

• hard carapace

• branched appendages

• two pairs of maxillae

• jointed appendages

• two pairs of antennae

• one pair of mandibles

crustacea

• pentaradial symmetry

• tube feet

• spines

• Calcium Carbonate endoskeleton

Echinodermata

Echinodermata (sea lilies or feather star)

• feather-like

• radially symmetric

• long arms

Crinoidea

echinodermata (Sea cucumber)

• Spines all over

• slug-like appearance

• no arms

Holothuroidea

echinodermata

• pentaradial symmetry

• spherical

• spines all over

Echinoidea

echinodermata (brittle stars)

• pentaradial symmetry

• long and slender arms

• tube feet

• spines

Ophiuroidea

echinodermata

• pentaradial symmetry

• flattened body

• tube feet

• spines wide arms

Asteroidea

vertebrata

hagfish

• jawless

• scaleless

Myxini

vertebrata

lampreys

• jawless skull

Petromyzontida

vertebrata

sharks

• jawed with cartilage fins

Chondrichthyes

vertebrata

ray-finned bony fish

• bony fins

Actinopterygii

vertebrata

lobe-finned bony fish

• lobed pair fins

Sarcopterygii

vertebrata

amphibians

• tetrapod with smooth moist skin

• Amphibia

vertebrata

reptiles

• tetrapod with scaly skin but no wings

• Reptilia

vertebrata

• wings

• feathers

• beaks

aves

Vertebrata

• fur

• specialized teeth

• mammalia

• thick muscular bodies

• no head

• no tentacles

• no parapodia

• Hirudinea

• worm with ring like segments

• no parapodia

• clitellum

• earthworms

Simple diffusion

when a molecule pass straight through the cell membrane down a concentration gradient

Facilitated diffusion

uses a channel protein to allow large molecules to pass the cell membrane down a concentration gradient

Pseudoceolomate

 the muscle only lines the ectoderm and not the intestine

Hypertonic in a plant cell

The higher amount of solute will draw water out from the cell which will cause the membrane to shrink away from the cell wall and clump up together in a process called plasmolysis

More quickly in high temperature

at higher temperature, the particles gain kinetic energy which causes the particles to move faster the faster movement increases the number of collisions which directly increase the change of particles moving across a permeable membrane 

DI

 the water is moving into the cell. You can tell the water has moved into the cell based on the appearance of the swollen central vacuole which has pushed the cell contents up against the cell wall 

higher c and lower enviroment

The crab is hypertonic, this means the crab’s cells have a higher concentration of the solutes than the solution. This causes the water to be drawn into the cell through osmosis crabs lack a cell wall which may cause the cells to burst from pressure