Arcadia DPT Hip Anatomy Flashcard Guide

Vocabulary flashcards covering complete myology, ligaments, clinical pearls, and vascular landmarks from the PT661 / PT662 Hip Anatomy Study Guide.

Iliopsoas (Psoas & Iliacus)

Primary hip flexor. Psoas originates at T12-L5 vertebrae (L1-L2 rami innervation); Iliacus originates at iliac fossa (Femoral N. innervation). Both insert at the lesser trochanter of the femur. A fixed femur results in anterior pelvic tilt.

Tensor Fasciae Latae (TFL)

Muscle originating at ASIS & iliac crest and inserting at IT Tract -> Gerdy's tubercle. Innervated by Superior Gluteal N. (L5-S1). Flexes, ABDs, and IRs the hip. Forms the IT Band with Gluteus Maximus.

Gluteus Maximus

Muscle originating at ilium, sacrum, coccyx and inserting at IT tract (upper) & Gluteal tuberosity (deep). Innervated by Inferior Gluteal N. (S1-S2). Extends & ERs hip. Upper fibers stabilize knee via ITB.

Gluteus Medius

Muscle originating at external ilium (ant/post lines) and inserting at greater trochanter (lateral). Innervated by Superior Gluteal N. (L5-S1). ABDs hip and prevents contralateral pelvic drop in SLS.

Gluteus Minimus

Muscle originating at external ilium (ant/inf lines) and inserting at greater trochanter (anterior). Innervated by Superior Gluteal N. (L5-S1). ABDs, IRs, and flexes hip.

Piriformis

Muscle originating at anterior sacrum (S2-S4) and inserting at greater trochanter (superior). Innervated by S1-S2 rami. ERs extended hip, ABDs flexed hip.

Gemellus Superior / Inferior

Deep external rotators of the hip. Superior Gemellus originates at ischial spine (innervation: N. to Obt. Int.); Inferior Gemellus originates at ischial tuberosity (innervation: N. to Quad. Fem.). Both insert at trochanteric fossa of femur and form part of the 'Gemelly Sandwich' with Obturator Internus.

Obturator Internus

Muscle originating at pelvic surface of obturator membrane and inserting at trochanteric fossa of femur. Innervated by N. to Obt. Int. (S1). Function is to ER hip.

Quadratus Femoris

Muscle originating at lateral ischial tuberosity and inserting at quadrate tubercle on femur. Innervated by N. to Quad. Fem. (L5-S1). Function is to ER hip.

Adductor Longus / Brevis

Muscles originating at pubis body & inferior ramus and inserting at linea aspera & pectineal line. Innervated by Obturator N. (L2-L4). Functions to adduct and assist hip flexion.

Adductor Magnus

Dual-part muscle: Adductor part originates at pubic ramus, inserts at linea aspera, innervated by Obturator N., and flexes hip; Hamstring part originates at ischial tuberosity, inserts at adductor tubercle, innervated by Tibial N., and extends hip.

Trendelenburg Sign

Clinical finding where a hip drop on the left side is due to weakness/deficit of the right gluteus medius (Superior Gluteal N. deficit) on the stance side.

Gemelly Sandwich Mnemonic

Mnemonic used for remembering the deep external rotators in structural order: Superior Gemellus, Obturator Internus, and Inferior Gemellus.

IT Band Composition

Fascial structure formed by the Tensor Fasciae Latae (TFL) + Gluteus Maximus.

Hip Adductors Strain Propensity

Clinical pearl stating that 'More muscle vs tendon = more likely to strain'.

Iliofemoral Ligament (Y-ligament)

Hip ligament that restricts External Rotation & Extension.

Pubofemoral Ligament

Hip ligament that restricts Abduction & Extension.

Ischiofemoral Ligament

Hip ligament that restricts Internal Rotation & Extension.

Acetabular Labrum Clinical Sign

Clinical indication characterized by deep hip pain and clicking/locking.

External Iliac Artery Transition Landmark

Vascular landmark rule stating that once passing the inguinal ligament, the External Iliac Artery becomes the Femoral Artery.