The Big Bang Theory
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17 Terms
What is the Big Bang theory?
The scientific model that the Universe developed from an extremely hot, dense early state and has been expanding.
Approximately how old is the Universe?
About 13.8 billion years.
What does the Big Bang theory suggest about the early Universe?
It was much hotter and denser than it is today.
What happened as the early Universe expanded?
It cooled, allowing particles, nuclei and eventually atoms to form.
What happened to the density of the Universe as it expanded?
Its average density generally decreased.
What happened to the temperature of the Universe as it expanded?
Its temperature generally decreased.
What are the two main pieces of GCSE evidence supporting the Big Bang theory?
Red-shift of distant galaxies and cosmic microwave background radiation.
How does red-shift support the Big Bang theory?
It shows that the Universe is expanding, consistent with a hotter, denser past.
Why does the Big Bang theory predict an expanding Universe?
It describes a Universe that has expanded from an earlier hot, dense state.
Does the Big Bang theory describe an explosion at one point in otherwise empty space?
No, it describes the expansion of space throughout the Universe.
What does the Big Bang theory explain?
The early development and expansion of the Universe, including the origin of the cosmic microwave background.
Why is the Big Bang theory accepted by scientists?
It is supported by multiple independent observations.
Does the Big Bang theory explain everything about the Universe?
No, questions remain about its earliest moments and other aspects of cosmology.
What is meant by a scientific theory?
A well-supported explanation based on evidence, which can be tested and refined.
Why might scientific explanations of the Universe change?
New observations and evidence may improve existing models.
What is the difference between the Big Bang theory and the steady state theory?
The Big Bang theory describes a hot, dense early Universe, while steady state proposed an unchanging average Universe maintained by continuous matter creation.
Why is the steady state theory not the accepted explanation?
It cannot adequately explain key observations, especially the cosmic microwave background radiation.