Chapter 4

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)

A new diagnosis in DSM-V characterized by persistent irritability and frequent outbursts of anger in children.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

A condition involving persistent low mood and loss of interest in activities for at least two weeks, with significant impairment.

Dysthymia

Also known as Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD), it is a chronic depression lasting most days for at least two years.

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

A severe form of premenstrual syndrome affecting mood and behavior, characterized by symptoms that resolve after menstruation begins.

Substance or Medication-Induced Depressive Disorder

Depression that is caused by the use of drugs or substances, which can occur with either use or abuse.

Symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

Must include depressed mood and loss of interest or pleasure, along with five or more other symptoms in a two-week period.

Criteria for DMDD diagnosis

Irritable or angry mood with outbursts occurring at least three times a week, significant distress, present in multiple settings.

Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

Commonly includes a combination of antidepressants and individual psychotherapy for effective management.

Self-harm behaviors in DMDD

Includes actions like skin picking, cutting, burning, and head banging, posing a high risk of suicidal behavior.

Psychosocial impact of Dysthymia (PDD)

Leads to social and occupational impairments, withdrawal, and declined performance due to chronic low-grade depression.

Characteristics of PMDD symptoms

Include mood lability, irritability, anxiety, and physical symptoms that occur predominantly before menstruation.

Diagnosis of Substance-Induced Depression

Requires a thorough evaluation to differentiate from other mood disorders and to identify the substance causing the symptoms.

Common comorbidities with DMDD

Includes ADHD, major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and autism spectrum disorder.

Treatment approach for PMDD

May involve SSRIs, lifestyle changes, and alternative therapies to alleviate depressive symptoms.

Signs of Depression due to a medical condition

Must adversely affect functioning, can include conditions like hypothyroidism, stroke, and chronic illnesses.