Aphasia Exam 1

NONFLUENT + comprehension relatively preserved + Repetition impaired

BROCA'S

NONFLUENT + comprehension relatively preserved + Repetition preserved

TMA

FLUENT + comprehension impaired + Repetition impaired

WERNICKE'S

FLUENT + comprehension impaired + Repetition preserved

Transcortical Sensory Aphasia

FLUENT + comprehension relatively preserved + Repetition very impaired + phonemic errors

CONDUCTION

FLUENT + comprehension relatively preserved + Repetition preserved + naming is the main problem

ANOMIC

Basic language may be relatively intact, but prosody/pragmatics/figurative language/inference are impaired

RIGHT HEMISPHERE

Agrammatism:

Missing/reduced grammatical markers and function words. High-yield for Broca's. Example: “Boy eat apple.”

Paragrammatism:

Grammar is present but may be incorrect or mixed. High-yield for Wernicke's

Phonemic paraphasia:

Sound-based word error. Especially important in conduction aphasia

Semantic paraphasia:

Meaning-related substitution. Common in Wernicke's

Neologism:

Invented/nonword. Common in Wernicke's

Conduite d'approche:

Successive attempts that move closer to the target word, e.g., “tele… tel… tevel… telephone!” High-yield for conduction

Anomia:

Word-retrieval difficulty. It occurs across aphasia types, so do not automatically choose anomic aphasia just because naming is impaired

Repetition Conduction Aphasia:

phonological short-term memory impairment; repetition becomes more difficult as the material gets longer

Reproduction Conduction Aphasia:

phonological encoding/output impairment; frequent phonemic paraphasias and self-corrections