Graphic Design Midterm- Origins

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Last updated 3:24 AM on 10/11/26

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28 Terms

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Hall of Bulls

Cave paintings at Lascaux, France

15,000 BC

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Sumerian tokens

8000 BC

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Written word tablets, Cuneiform

Uruk (Mesopotamia)

3100 BC

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Petroglyphs, Anasazi symbol

Newspaper rock, Utah

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Egyptian Hieroglyphics

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Phoenician alphabet

1000 BC

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Chinese Calligraphy Chen-Shu (regular style)

259 BC

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Trajan’s column

114 CE

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Book of Kells

800 CE

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Early printing (1568)

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Johannes Gutenberg

(c. 1400–1468) was a German inventor, goldsmith, and publisher who introduced the mechanical movable-type printing press to Europe.

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Gutenberg Press

The Gutenberg press is a mechanical printing device invented around 1440 by the German goldsmith Johannes Gutenberg in Mainz, Germany. It combined movable metal type, an oil-based ink, and a modified wooden screw press (adapted from traditional wine or olive presses) to transfer ink onto paper.

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42 Line Bible

(1450-1455)

Johannes Gutenberg

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Carved Steel Punch

A hardened hand tool with a single alphanumeric character carved in relief (raised) and reversed on its end, used to strike impressions into softer metals, dies, or copper matrices.

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Matrix

A softer metal plate (traditionally copper and brass) that is struck by the hardened steel punch to create a deep, right-reading impression or mould.

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Smoke test

rapid quality-control check used to preview the shape of a letter carved onto a steel punch before it is permanently stamped into copper.

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