Chem 210 Exam 2 - list 2

Relationship between splitting (Δ) and wavelength (λ)

inversely proportional

Δ = Ephoton

hc/λ

Why can’t d0 ions undergo d–d transitions?

No d electrons are available to excite

Why can’t d10 ions undergo d–d transitions?

All five d orbitals are full—no available space for the excited electron.

Which d configurations are usually colorless in basic problems?

d0 and d10

How do I rank ligand strength from observed colors?

Observed color → complementary absorbed color → absorbed wavelength → shorter wavelength means stronger field.

nm to m

Multiply by 10^-9

m to nm

multiply by 10^9

j to kj

divide by 1000

kj to j

multiply by 1000

amphiprotic

it can donate or accept H⁺

Brønsted–Lowry acid

donates H+

Bronwsted-lowry base

accepts H+

Conjugate acid

what forms when a base accepts H+

Conjugate base

what forms when an acid donates H+

conjugate pairs differ by?

one H+

Strong versus weak acid

strong acid ionizes completely in water, weak ionizes partially

H2O omitted in equilibrum expressions?

its a pure liquid

pKa formula

pKa = -logKa

Smaller pKa means…

Stronger acid

Stronger acid → conjugate base strength?

weaker

Weaker acid→ conjugate base strength?

Stronger