English Irregular Verbs Grouped by Sound and Form

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering English irregular verbs organized by inflectional patterns, phonetic groupings, and vowel shifts based on lecture notes.

Cost-cost-cost

To cost — Стоить (цена). Group: All 3 forms are identical (3 формы совпадают).

Cut-cut-cut

To cut — Резать, отрезать. Group: All 3 forms are identical; same sound group as shut-shut-shut and put-put-put.

Shut-shut-shut

To shut/close — Закрывать. Group: All 3 forms are identical; same sound group as cut-cut-cut and put-put-put.

Put-put-put

To put/place — Класть. Group: All 3 forms are identical; same sound group as cut-cut-cut and shut-shut-shut.

Hit-hit-hit

To hit/strike — Бить, ударять. Group: All 3 forms are identical (3 формы совпадают).

Hurt-hurt-hurt

To hurt/injure — Повреждать. Group: All 3 forms are identical; same sound group as burst-burst-burst and spurt-spurt-spurt.

Burst-burst-burst

To burst/explode — Лопаться, взрываться. Group: All 3 forms are identical; same sound group as hurt-hurt-hurt and spurt-spurt-spurt.

Spurt-spurt-spurt

To spurt/gush, increase sharply — Бить струёй, резко увеличиваться. Group: All 3 forms are identical; same sound group as hurt-hurt-hurt and burst-burst-burst.

Let-let-let

To let/allow — Позволять. Group: All 3 forms are identical; same sound group as set-set-set and bet-bet-bet.

Set-set-set

To set/place/establish — Ставить, устанавливать. Group: All 3 forms are identical; same sound group as let-let-let and bet-bet-bet.

Bet-bet-bet

To bet/wager — Держать пари. Group: All 3 forms are identical; same sound group as let-let-let and set-set-set.

Read [iː]-read [e]-read [e]

To read — Читать. Group: All 3 forms match in spelling, but only pronunciation changes: [iː] to [e] (Меняется только произношение).

Come-came-come

To come/arrive — Приходить, прибывать. Group: 1st and 3rd forms are identical (1 и 3 формы совпадают).

Become-became-become

To become — Становиться. Group: 1st and 3rd forms are identical; includes all derived verbs ending in -come- (+ все слова с -come-).

Run-ran-run

To run — Бегать, бежать. Group: 1st and 3rd forms are identical (1 и 3 формы совпадают).

Build-built-built

To build — Строить. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; pattern where d changes to t (d меняется на t).

Bend-bent-bent

To bend — Гнуть, сгибать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as build-built-built (d changes to t).

Lend-lent-lent

To lend — Одалживать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as build-built-built (d changes to t).

Send-sent-sent

To send — Отправлять, посылать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as build-built-built (d changes to t).

Spend-spent-spent

To spend (money/time) — Тратить, проводить (время). Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as build-built-built (d changes to t).

Buy-bought-bought

To buy — Покупать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical (-ought/-aught sound group).

Bring-brought-brought

To bring — Приносить. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as buy, seek, think, catch, teach.

Seek-sought-sought

To seek/search — Искать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as buy, bring, think, catch, teach.

Think-thought-thought

To think — Думать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as buy, bring, seek, catch, teach.

Catch-caught-caught

To catch — Ловить. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as buy, bring, seek, think, teach.

Teach-taught-taught

To teach (teacher) — Обучать (учитель). Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as buy, bring, seek, think, catch.

Dream-dreamt-dreamt

To dream — Мечтать, видеть сны. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as mean-meant-meant.

Mean-meant-meant

To mean/signify — Означать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as dream-dreamt-dreamt.

Find-found-found

To find — Находить. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical (-ound sound group with bind, wind).

Bind-bound-bound

To bind/tie — Связывать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as find and wind.

Wind-wound-wound

To wind/twist — Наматывать, крутить. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as find and bind.

Get-got-got

To get/receive — Получать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical (2 и 3 формы совпадают).

Forget-forgot-forgot

To forget — Забывать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; includes all verbs ending in -get- (+ все глаголы с -get-).

Have-had-had

To have — Иметь. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical (2 и 3 формы совпадают).

Hear-heard-heard

To hear/listen — Слышать, слушать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical (2 и 3 формы совпадают).

Hold-held-held

To hold — Держать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical (2 и 3 формы совпадают).

Lose-lost-lost

To lose — Терять. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical (2 и 3 формы совпадают).

Make-made-made

To make/do — Делать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical (2 и 3 формы совпадают).

Learn-learnt-learnt

To learn/study — Учить. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical (2 и 3 формы совпадают).

Meet-met-met

To meet — Встречать, встречаться. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; long ee changes to short e (Долгая ee меняется на краткую e).

Feed-fed-fed

To feed — Кормить. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as meet-met-met (long ee changes to short e).

Feel-felt-felt

To feel — Чувствовать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as keep-kept-kept and sleep-slept-slept.

Keep-kept-kept

To keep/store/hold — Держать, хранить. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as feel-felt-felt and sleep-slept-slept.

Sleep-slept-slept

To sleep — Спать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as feel-felt-felt and keep-kept-kept.

Leave-left-left

To leave/depart/abandon — Оставлять, уезжать, уходить. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical (2 и 3 формы совпадают).

Say-said-said

To say/tell — Говорить. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as pay-paid-paid.

Pay-paid-paid

To pay — Платить. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as say-said-said.

Shine-shone-shone

To shine — Сиять. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical (2 и 3 формы совпадают).

Sit-sat-sat

To sit — Сидеть. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical (2 и 3 формы совпадают).

Tell-told-told

To tell/narrate — Рассказывать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as sell-sold-sold.

Sell-sold-sold

To sell — Продавать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; same sound group as tell-told-told.

Shoot-shot-shot

To shoot — Стрелять. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; long oo changes to short o (Долгая oo меняется на круткую o).

Stand-stood-stood

To stand — Стоять. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; includes all derived verbs ending in -stand- (+ все слова с -stand-).

Understand-understood-understood

To understand — Понимать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; derived from stand-stood-stood.

Misunderstand-misunderstood-misunderstood

To misunderstand — Неправильно понять. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; derived from stand-stood-stood.

Win-won-won

To win — Выигрывать. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical (2 и 3 формы совпадают).

Begin-began-begun

To begin — Начинать. Group: All forms are different; vowel shifts following $i \rightarrow a \rightarrow u$ (Гласная Прыгает i → a → u).

Drink-drank-drunk

To drink — Пить. Group: All forms are different; vowel shifts following $i \rightarrow a \rightarrow u$.

Ring-rang-rung

To ring — Звонить. Group: All forms are different; vowel shifts following $i \rightarrow a \rightarrow u$.

Sing-sang-sung

To sing — Петь. Group: All forms are different; vowel shifts following $i \rightarrow a \rightarrow u$.

Swim-swam-swum

To swim — Плавать. Group: All forms are different; vowel shifts following $i \rightarrow a \rightarrow u$.

Break-broke-broken

To break — Ломать. Group: All forms are different; same sound group as wake-woke-woken.

Wake-woke-woken

To wake up — Просыпаться. Group: All forms are different; same sound group as break-broke-broken.

Choose-chose-chosen

To choose — Выбирать. Group: All forms are different (Все формы разные).

Draw-drew-drawn

To draw — Рисовать. Group: All forms are different (Все формы разные).

Drive-drove-driven

To drive (a car) — Водить (автомобиль). Group: All forms are different (Все формы разные).

Eat-ate-eaten

To eat — Есть. Group: All forms are different (Все формы разные).

Freeze-froze-frozen

To freeze — Замерзать. Group: All forms are different (Все формы разные).

Hide-hid-hidden

To hide — Прятать. Group: All forms are different; same sound group as ride-rode-ridden.

Ride-rode-ridden

To ride (horseback/bike) — Ездить верхом. Group: All forms are different; same sound group as hide-hid-hidden.

Rise-rose-risen

To rise (including the sun) — Подниматься (в т.ч. о солнце). Group: All forms are different (Все формы разные).

Write-wrote-written

To write — Писать. Group: All forms are different (Все формы разные).

Give-gave-given

To give — Давать. Group: All forms are different; includes all words with -give- (+ все слова с -give-).

Forgive-forgave-forgiven

To forgive — Прощать. Group: All forms are different; derived from give-gave-given.

Grow-grew-grown

To grow — Расти. Group: All forms are different; same sound group as blow-blew-blown, know-knew-known, throw-threw-thrown.

Blow-blew-blown

To blow — Дуть. Group: All forms are different; same sound group as grow, know, throw.

Know-knew-known

To know — Знать. Group: All forms are different; same sound group as grow, blow, throw.

Throw-threw-thrown

To throw — Бросать. Group: All forms are different; same sound group as grow, blow, know.

Show-showed-shown

To show — Показывать. Group: All forms are different (Все формы разные).

Fly-flew-flown

To fly — Летать. Group: All forms are different (Все формы разные).

Fall-fell-fallen

To fall — Падать. Group: All forms are different (Все формы разные).

Go-went-gone

To go/walk/travel — Идти, ходить, ехать. Group: All forms are different (Все формы разные).

Lie-lay-lain

To lie down — Лежать. Group: All forms are different; paired for comparison with lay-laid-laid.

Lay-laid-laid

To lay/put down — Класть. Group: 2nd and 3rd forms are identical; paired for comparison with lie-lay-lain.

Shake-shook-shaken

To shake — Трясти. Group: All forms are different (Все формы разные).

Take-took-taken

To take — Брать. Group: All forms are different; includes all words with -take- (+ все слова с -take-).

Mistake-mistook-mistaken

To mistake/err — Ошибаться. Group: All forms are different; derived from take-took-taken.

See-saw-seen

To see — Видеть. Group: All forms are different (Все формы разные).

Speak-spoke-spoken

To speak — Говорить. Group: All forms are different (Все формы разные).

Wear-wore-worn

To wear (clothes) — Носить (одежду). Group: All forms are different; same sound group as bear-bore-born.

Bear-bore-born

To bear/give birth to/bring — Рождать, приносить. Group: All forms are different; same sound group as wear-wore-worn.

Be-was/were-been

To be/exist — Быть, являться. Category: Auxiliary verbs (Вспомогательные глаголы).

Do-did-done

To do — Делать. Category: Auxiliary verbs (Вспомогательные глаголы).