General Science - Physical Science: Chemistry - Atomic Numbers and the Periodic Table
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What value is determined by the number of protons contained within an atom?
Its atomic number
The number of ________ in an atom determines its atomic number.
protons
Having an atomic number of one is characteristic of which element?
Hydrogen
Hydrogen has an atomic number of ________.
one
How many protons are present in the nucleus of a hydrogen atom?
One proton
Hydrogen has one proton in its ________.
nucleus
What is the atomic number of helium?
Two
Helium has an atomic number of ________.
two
How many protons does helium possess in its nucleus?
Two protons
Helium has two protons in its ________.
nucleus
An atomic number of 6 is characteristic of which element?
Carbon
Carbon has an atomic number of ________.
6
What is the atomic number assigned to oxygen?
8
Oxygen has an atomic number of ________.
8
What tool serves to classify all elements?
The Periodic Table
The Periodic Table classifies all ________.
elements
How are elements listed in the organization of the table?
By increasing atomic number
Elements are listed by ________ atomic number.
increasing
What are the vertical columns containing arranged elements called?
Groups or families
Elements are arranged in vertical columns called ________ or families.
groups
What trait is shared by elements within each individual group?
Similar chemical properties
Each group contains elements with ________ chemical properties.
similar
What relationship governs the outer electrons of elements located in the same column?
Elements in the same column have the same number of outermost electrons.
Elements in the same column (group) have the ________ number of outermost electrons.
same
What effect do matching outer electron counts have on elements?
Identical outer electron counts make elements chemically similar.
Identical outer electron counts make elements chemically ________.
similar
How many electrons are present in the outermost energy level of hydrogen, lithium, sodium, and potassium?
One electron
Hydrogen, lithium, sodium, and potassium all have one electron in the ________ energy level.
outermost
What electrical condition creates the similar chemical properties observed in alkali metals?
Having one outer electron gives alkali metals similar chemical properties.
Having one outer electron gives alkali metals ________ chemical properties.
similar
What reactivity characteristic defines rare noble gases?
They are inert.
Noble gases are rare gases that are ________ inert.
chemically
What state defines the outermost energy levels of noble gases?
Completed outermost energy levels
Noble gases have ________ outermost energy levels.
completed
How does having full outer energy levels affect chemical activity?
Elements with full outer energy levels are chemically inert.
Elements with full outer energy levels are chemically ________.
inert
Which element is NOT an alkali metal?
Helium
Which element is an alkali metal?
Lithium
Which of the following is NOT categorized as an alkali metal?
Argon
Which of the following is categorized as an alkali metal?
Potassium
Which choice correctly lists elements belonging to the alkali metals group?
Hydrogen, lithium, sodium, and potassium
Which element is NOT classified as a noble gas?
Sodium
Which element is classified as a noble gas?
Neon
Which of the following is NOT a member of the noble gases group?
Potassium
Which choice correctly lists elements classified in the noble gases group?
Helium, neon, and argon
What behavior describes how noble gases interact with electrons?
They have no tendency to gain, lose, or share electrons.
Noble gases have no tendency to gain, lose, or share ________.
electrons
How many electrons do metals generally possess in their outermost energy level?
Three or fewer electrons
Metals generally have three or fewer electrons in the ________ energy level.
outermost
What electron behavior characterizes metallic elements?
They tend to give up electrons readily.
Metals tend to ________ electrons readily.
give up
How many electrons do nonmetals contain in their outermost energy level?
Five or more electrons
Nonmetals have ________ or more electrons in the outermost energy level.
five
What behavior do nonmetals exhibit regarding their outer electrons?
They tend to hold them tightly.
Nonmetals tend to hold outer electrons ________.
tightly
Which element is an example of a metal?
Copper
Which of the following elements is categorized as a metal?
Magnesium
Which element belongs to the category of metals?
Iron
Which element is NOT an example of a metal?
Oxygen
Which choice correctly lists elements that are examples of metals?
Copper, magnesium, and iron
Which element is an example of a nonmetal?
Nitrogen
Which of the following elements is categorized as a nonmetal?
Oxygen
Which element belongs to the category of nonmetals?
Chlorine
Which element is NOT an example of a nonmetal?
Iron
Which choice correctly lists elements that are examples of nonmetals?
Nitrogen, oxygen, and chlorine