Unit 6 Vocabulary: Imperialism, Colonial Rule, and Global Migration

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering Unit 6 concepts including imperialism, resistance movements, colonial economies, and global migration patterns.

Imperialism

A policy for establishing overseas empires, conquering and extending rule of an empire over a foreign territory, or establishing colonies in foreign land.

Formosa

Taiwan from the time of Portuguese colonication in the 16th century until the end of World War I.

Social Darwinism

Darwin's theory of biological evolution adapted to society that argued the spread of European and U.S power proved the biological superiority of whites and further justified imperialism.

East India Company

A royal charter in 1600 that was given a monopoly on England's trade with India; drove Portugal out of India and traded mainly in cotton, silk, indigo, and spices.

Dutch East India Company

(VOC) Dutch government gave a monopoly on trade between the Cape of Good Hope and the Straits of Magellan; replaced Portugal in the islands around Java, but corruption/debt led the government to take control and create Dutch East Indies.

Suez Canal

A 100 mile loving canal that could save a trip around Africa on the way to Asia that connected the Red and Mediterranean sea.

Corvée laborers

Unpaid workers who were forced to work on a project as a form of taxation.

"Scramble for Africa"

Industrialized European nations competed to colonize Africa for its natural resources.

Berlin Conference

A meeting of European powers to provide for the orderly colonization of Africa.

Afrikaners

Descendants of 17th century Dutch Settlers.

Boer Wars

The British and Afrikaners fought over land.

Abyssinia

Modern day Ethiopia, strong natives resisted Italians.

Liberia

A country founded by formerly enslaved people from the U.S. with a dependent relationship with the U.S.

Ceylon

Sri Lanka, an island in the south of the Indian subcontinent.

Spheres of influence

Europeans used military in China to get exclusive trading rights and access to natural resources.

Taiping Rebellion

Hong Xiuqian; starving peasants, workers, and miners tried to overthrow the Qing with help from warlords, France, and Britain.

Boxer Rebellion

The anti-imperialist Boxers killed 100,000 chimse Christians and 200-250 foreigners; empress and Ching court defeated with less legitions.

Indochina

Cambodia, Laos, and modern-day Vietnam.

Siam

Thailand, only Southeast Asian nation to escape European imperialism.

Penal Colony

Distant settlement used to exile prisoners and criminals.

Monroe Doctrine

Stated European nations should not intervene in the affairs of the countries in the western hemisphere.

Manifest Destiny

A natural and inevitable right to expand to the Pacific Ocean.

Roosevelt Corollary

Stated that if countries in Latin America demonstrated "instability," the U.S would intervene.

Great Game

An intense rivalry between the Russian and British empires as they competed for dominance in Afganistan.

Proclamation of 1763

Reserved all the land between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River for Native Americans.

Indian Removal Act

The Cherokee and other Southeast Native American tribes were forced to relocate to Oklahoma.

Tupac Amaru II

José Gabriel Condorcanqui was a hereditary chief in Southern Peru that executed a colonial administrator, leading to the last general Indian revolt against Spain.

British Raj

The colonial government in India.

Pan-Africanism

A shared identity and nationalism among Western-educated Africans.

Guano

Bat and sea bird excrement that is an excellent natural fertilizer.

Export economies

Economic system based on selling goods and services to foreign markets.

Apartheid

Racial segregation.

Monocultures

Lack of agricultural diversity.

Economic Imperialism

A situation in which foreign business interests have great economic power or influence.

Culture System

Forced farmers to choose between growing cash crops for export or performing corvée labor.

Opium

An addictive drug that also relieves pain and reduces stress.

"Banana Republics"

Small Central American countries under the economic power of foreign-based corporations.

Great Famine

Destroyed the potato crop for 4 years leading 3 million people to emigrate from Ireland.

Colonization Society

Its aim was to export Japan's surplus population as well as commercialized goods.

Ethnic enclaves

Clusters of neighborhoods of people from the same foreign country.

Kangani system

Entire families were recruited to work on tea, coffee, and rubber plantations in Ceylon.

Chinese Exclusion Act

Initially a 10 year ban on Chinese immigration to the US.

Chinese Immigration Act

Limited the number of chinese who could come ashore from each ship.