Week6_Vocabulary

Practice vocabulary flashcards covering the key English idioms, grammatical structures, and everyday expressions with meanings and contextual example sentences from the lecture notes.

stay in shape

To maintain a healthy physical shape and condition (健康的な体型・体調を維持する). Example: "I play golf to stay in shape."

moderate exercise

Physical activity performed in moderation that is beneficial for health (適度な運動). Example: "Moderate exercise is good for your health."

consistency

The quality of continuing regularly or maintaining uniformity over time (継続すること、一貫性). Example: "Consistency is more important than intensity."

balanced diet

A diet consisting of a healthy and appropriate variety of foods (バランスの良い食事). Example: "I try to maintain a balanced diet."

recover from

To return to normal health or strength following an injury or illness (～から回復する). Example: "I'm still recovering from my leg injury."

endurance

Physical stamina or the ability to sustain prolonged effort (持久力、忍耐力). Example: "Walking regularly improves endurance."

prevent injuries

To take precautions to stop physical harm or damage from happening (けがを予防する). Example: "Warming up helps prevent injuries."

mentally refreshed

Feeling mentally renewed, invigorated, and relaxed (精神的にリフレッシュした). Example: "I feel mentally refreshed after exercising."

just as important as

Possessing an equal degree of importance to something else (～と同じくらい重要). Example: "Rest is just as important as exercise."

find a balance between A and B

To establish an equal or appropriate proportion between two different activities or aspects (AとBのバランスを取る). Example: "I want to find a balance between studying and relaxing."

make an appointment

To arrange an official meeting or consultation, such as with a doctor (予約を取る). Example: "I'd like to make an appointment with a doctor."

get worse

To deteriorate or become more severe in pain or condition (悪化する). Example: "My leg pain got worse after playing golf."

take it easy

To relax, rest, and avoid overexerting oneself (無理をしない、ゆっくりする). Example: "I need to take it easy this weekend."

take time off

To take a temporary absence or break from work, class, or obligations (休みを取る). Example: "I took time off from class to visit the clinic."

ask someone to do something

To request another person to perform an action (人に～するよう頼む). Example: "I asked my teacher to explain it again."

get someone to do something

To persuade or arrange for someone to complete a task (人に頼んで～してもらう). Example: "I got the staff to fix the air conditioner."

should have + 過去分詞

A grammatical structure used to express regret or an obligation that was not fulfilled in the past (～すべきだったのに). Example: "I should have rested more."

might have + 過去分詞

A grammatical structure used to express a possibility about a past state or event (～だったかもしれない). Example: "He might have been sick yesterday."

have been ～ing since …

A present perfect continuous structure denoting an activity that began at a specific point in the past and continues in the present (…からずっと～している). Example: "I've been studying English since September."

have been waiting for …

A present perfect continuous structure expressing waiting continuously over an elapsed duration (…の間ずっと待っている). Example: "I've been waiting for an hour."

after + 主語 + 現在形

A time clause using the present tense after 'after' to describe an event occurring subsequent to another, including future scenarios (～した後で（未来の話にも使う）). Example: "I'll call you after my class finishes."

Could you tell me what time …?

A polite question pattern used to inquire about the exact time an event takes place (何時に～か教えていただけますか？). Example: "Could you tell me what time the class starts?"

explain something to someone

To make an idea, rule, or concept clear and understandable to another person (人に何かを説明する). Example: "Could you explain this rule to me?"

make progress

To develop, advance, or improve in a skill or subject (上達する、進歩する). Example: "I feel like I'm making progress in English."

struggle with

To encounter difficulty or experience problems handling something (～に苦労する). Example: "I still struggle with English pronunciation."

get used to

To become accustomed to or familiar with something through practice or time (～に慣れる). Example: "I'm getting used to speaking English every day."

suburb

A residential district located on the outskirts of a city (郊外). Example: "I prefer living in the suburbs."

city center

The downtown, central core of a city (都心、中心街). Example: "Living in the city center is convenient."

peaceful environment

A calm, quiet, and tranquil surrounding (静かな環境). Example: "I prefer a peaceful environment."

quality of life

The general well-being, comfort, and satisfaction experienced by an individual (生活の質). Example: "A peaceful environment improves my quality of life."

priorities change

The shift in what an individual considers most essential as circumstances or age advance (優先順位が変わる). Example: "Our priorities change as we get older."

stage of life

A particular phase or developmental period in a person's life (人生の段階、ライフステージ). Example: "Our needs depend on our stage of life."

what we value most

The principles, qualities, or things regarded as most important to an individual (私たちが最も大切にするもの). Example: "It depends on what we value most."

on the other hand

A transitional phrase used to introduce a contrasting fact or viewpoint (一方で). Example: "On the other hand, city life is convenient."

let me give you an example

A phrase used to introduce an illustrative case or instance, often drawn from experience (例を挙げます). Example: "Let me give you an example from my experience."

keep up with technology

To stay current and informed about modern technological developments (技術の進歩についていく). Example: "We need to keep up with technology."

be left behind

To fail to maintain pace with advancement and remain at a disadvantage (取り残される). Example: "Some people may be left behind."

adapt to change

To adjust successfully to evolving conditions and environments (変化に適応する). Example: "Companies must adapt to change."

preserve traditional culture

To safeguard and sustain historical customs and cultural heritage (伝統文化を守る). Example: "We should preserve traditional culture."

carbon emissions

The release of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere (炭素排出、二酸化炭素などの排出). Example: "New technology can reduce carbon emissions."

manual tasks

Labor or assignments performed by human hands rather than automated machinery (手作業). Example: "Many manual tasks can be automated."

be replaced by

To be substituted or superseded by something else, such as artificial intelligence (～に置き換えられる). Example: "Some jobs may be replaced by AI."

have trouble ～ing

To face difficulty or complications when performing a specific task (～するのに苦労する). Example: "I'm having trouble pronouncing the V sound."

focus on

To direct concentrated attention, study, or effort toward a subject (～に集中する、重点を置く). Example: "Could we focus on pronunciation today?"

mouth position

The placement and shaping of the lips, jaw, and tongue when articulating speech sounds (口の形・位置). Example: "Could you check my mouth position?"

final consonant sounds

Consonant phonemes articulated at the conclusion of words (語尾の子音). Example: "I want to practice final consonant sounds."

word endings

The terminal letters or phonetic sounds of words (単語の語尾). Example: "I often forget to pronounce word endings."

day trip

A journey or recreational excursion where one travels and returns home within the same day (日帰り旅行). Example: "We can visit Bohol on a day trip."

overnight trip

A journey or vacation that requires lodging away from home for at least one night (宿泊を伴う旅行). Example: "I'm planning an overnight trip."

sardine run

A natural occurrence where massive shoals of sardines migrate and swim together (イワシの大群が泳ぐ現象). Example: "I'd like to see the sardine run in Moalboal."

ferry

A boat or ship utilized to transport passengers and vehicles across a body of water (フェリー). Example: "How long does the ferry take?"

hilly course

A golf course characterized by undulating slopes, inclines, and hills (起伏の多いゴルフコース). Example: "This is a very hilly course."

flat course

A level golf course without significant hills or slopes, causing less physical strain (平坦なゴルフコース). Example: "A flat course would be easier on my leg."

visitor access

Permission or availability for non-members and guests to use a venue or facility (ビジターの利用可否). Example: "Is visitor access allowed?"

suspicious link

An untrustworthy or dubious web hyperlink that poses security risks (不審なリンク). Example: "Don't click on suspicious links."

phishing email

A fraudulent email designed to deceive recipients into surrendering confidential personal data (フィッシングメール). Example: "I received a phishing email."

official website

The verified, authoritative online portal of an organization or business (公式サイト). Example: "Please check the official website."

report as spam

To mark or submit an unsolicited, suspicious, or unwanted communication as junk (迷惑メールとして報告する). Example: "I reported the message as spam."

legacy

Something valuable, positive, or lasting left behind for future generations (遺産、後世に残すもの). Example: "I want to leave a positive legacy."

upbringing

The care, instruction, and environmental conditions under which a person was raised during childhood (育ち、しつけ、育った環境). Example: "My upbringing influenced my values."

milestone

A major turning point, significant achievement, or stage in one's life or career (人生や仕事の重要な節目). Example: "Studying abroad is a milestone in my life."

reconciliation

The restoration of friendly relations and harmony following a dispute (和解、関係修復). Example: "Reconciliation takes time."

reminisce

To reflect upon or recount past memories with fondness and nostalgia (思い出を懐かしく振り返る). Example: "We reminisced about our school days."

influence someone's life

To exert a meaningful and lasting effect on a person's life trajectory or character (人の人生に影響を与える). Example: "My father influenced my life."

a shoulder to cry on

A compassionate and supportive person who offers sympathy and comfort during tough times (悩みを聞いて慰めてくれる人). Example: "Everyone needs a shoulder to cry on sometimes."

give someone the cold shoulder

An idiom meaning to intentionally snub, ignore, or treat someone in an unfriendly manner (人を冷たくあしらう). Example: "She gave me the cold shoulder."

busybody

An intrusive person who meddles into the personal matters and private lives of others (おせっかいな人). Example: "Don't be such a busybody."

live wire

A dynamic, vibrant, and highly energetic individual (活発でエネルギッシュな人). Example: "He's a real live wire."

black sheep

A member of a family or group who is viewed as an outcast, troublemaker, or disgrace (家族や集団の中での厄介者・異端児). Example: "He was considered the black sheep of the family."

life of the party

An outgoing individual who energizes and amuses a social gathering (場を盛り上げる人気者). Example: "She's always the life of the party."

heart of gold

An exceptionally kind, generous, and compassionate character (とても優しい心). Example: "My teacher has a heart of gold."

butt of jokes

A person or object that is the recurring target of teasing, ridicule, or mockery (からかいや冗談の対象). Example: "He became the butt of everyone's jokes."

conscience

The internal moral compass that enables a person to discern right from wrong (良心、善悪を判断する心). Example: "My conscience told me to be honest."

guilty conscience

A lingering feeling of remorse, uneasiness, or guilt over a wrongful deed (罪悪感、やましい気持ち). Example: "I had a guilty conscience after lying."

clear conscience

A state of inner peace arising from the knowledge that one has done nothing wrong (やましいことのない気持ち). Example: "I can leave with a clear conscience."