Metalanguage

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free verse

poetry that does not follow a regular meter or rhyme scheme, allowing for greater freedom in expression

lyric

a short poem expressing personal emotions or feelings, often characterized by musicality and emotional intensity

ode

a lyric poem that expresses praise or celebration for a person, event,or object often characterised by elevated language

ballad

a ballad is a narrative poem that tells a story, often with a repeating refrain and simple language.

couplet

a stanza consisting of two lines that usually rhyme and have the same meter

tercet

a stanza consisting of three lines often with a rhyme scheme that may vary

(AAA,AAB,ABA)

quatrain

a stanza consisting of four lines, often with various rhyme schemes

refrain

a line, phrase or stanza that is repeated at intervals throughout the poem, typically at the end of each stanza

half rhyme

also known as slant rhyme or near rhyme, its when the final consonant sounds of two words are similar but not identical.

internal rhyme

when rhyming words occur within the same line of verse, rather than at the end of consecutive lines

assonance

the repetition of vowel sounds within words that are close together, often used to create a pleasing rhythm in writing or poetry.

enjambment

the continuation of a sentence or phrase across lines in poetry, without a pause or punctuation at the end of the line which disrupts the regularity of the verse

conceit

an extended metaphor that compares two very dissimilar things

symbol

something that represents something else beyond its literal meaning

alliteration

the repetition of the same initial sounds in neighbouring words or syllables

emotive language

words or phrases used to evoke and emotional response in the reader or listener

connotations

associations and emotional or cultural meanings attached to a word beyond its literal definition

euphemisms

a mild or indirect expression substituted for one considered to be harsh or blunt

zoomorphism

attributing animal characteristics to non-animal entities or humans.

Polyptoton

The repetition of words derived from the same root word.

Contractions

Shortened forms of words or phrases produced by omitting letters.

Paradox

A statement that appears self-contradictory or illogical but may reveal a deeper truth.

Allusion

A reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art.

Epanalepsis

Repetition at the end of a clause or sentence of the word or phrase that began it.

Tautology

The unnecessary repetition of the same idea using different words.

Epizeuxis

The repetition of a word or phrase in immediate succession, typically within the same sentence, for vehemence or emphasis.

tri-colon/Power of Three

Using three parallel elements in a series for rhetorical effect

Semantic Field

A group of words related by meaning or subject matter.

Diacope

Repetition of a word or phrase with one or more words in between.

Irony

A contrast between expectation and reality, often humorous or sarcastic.

Anaphora

Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences.

Epistrophe

Repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive clauses or sentences.

Polysyndeton

The deliberate use of multiple conjunctions in close succession.

Antithetical Parallelism

The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas in parallel structure.

Colloquial Language

informal language used in everyday conversation.

Juxtaposition

Placing two opposing elements close together or side by side.

Vernacular Language

The language or dialect spoken by ordinary people in a particular country or region.

Metonymy

Substituting the name of one object with another closely related to it.

Dichotomy

A division or contrast between two things that are represented as being opposed or entirely different.

Asyndeton

Omission of conjunctions between related clauses to create a concise or rapid prose.

Cyclic Structure

A narrative structure in which a story is divided into parts that repeat elements of the beginning.