MH Exam 3 Stress and PTSD

what are all the 4 different components of stress

physical, psychological, behavioral, and cognitive components

what 3 different demands are placed on the individual due to stress

physical, environmental, and psychosocial

what 2 types of affect does stress have on a person?

postitive and Negative

how do people respond to stress

Stress leads to anxiety which leads to relief behavior, then a medication is given to them it is either effective or ineffective.

what is Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

A mental health disorder that can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event, causing persistent psychological distress and difficulty functioning

how long does the event have to be, to be considered PTSD

1 month or greater

what is acute stress disorder and what is the timeframe for it forming?

same definition as PTSD but event was only 3 days-1 month in length

what are examples of trauma

1. Physical abuse

2. Torture

3. kidnap

4. Sexual assault

5. Natural disasters

6. Accidents

7. Terrorist events

8. Witness to unbearable events

9. Life-threatening illness

PTSD Can occur in any individual who has:

has had exposure to a trauma severe enough to be outside the range of normal human experience.

what is the TRAUMA tool acronym

T: Traumatic event R: Re-experiencing event. A: Avoiding things associated with the event U: Unable to function.  M: for 1 month or greater A: Arousal increased

Risk factors for PTSD

1. Gender (women),

2. Veterans,

3. Comorbid conditions (often times PTSD is accompanied by additional conditions)

4. people with Substance abuse disorder

5. people who have had a Traumatic brain injury (TBI)

what type of injury symptoms blend with PTSD and what can this comobilidty cause?

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) symptoms blend with PTSD, similar symptoms, can cause sleep disturbances

what are 6 barriers to treatments for PTSD?

Social stigma, Feelings of shame/embarrassment, Mentality, Fear, Availability of & access to services, Cost

what medication is used as the first medication to help traumatic/depressive symptoms?

SSRI’s

what are two other medications used to help traumatic/depressive symptoms other than SSRI’s?

Prazosin and medical marijuana

what are 4 psychotherapy techniques that can be used to help with PTSD?

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), Group therapy, Family therapy, and PTSD Coach

what can be used as a last resort short term medication for PTSD?

BENZODIAZEPINES

what is the overall main goal to help with PTSD?

help with acute exacerbation of illness!!

what are 5 examples of acute exacerbations of PTSD?

Flashbacks/Nightmares, Avoidance behaviors, Negative cognitions, Alterations in arousal.

what are 6 Stress reduction techniques?

1. Relaxation techniques

2. Reframing

3. Sleep (good sleep habits, limit naps)

4. Aerobic exercise (gives adrenaline which lowers stress)

5. Lower/eliminate caffeine intake

6. Stress-lowering tips for life (reading a book, watching tv)

what is reframing, give an example?

reorienting the patient to the situation, so they go from a negative outlook on the situation to a more balanced outlook. Ex: patient states that they are late because of the traumatic event and that they are discouraged but let them know that you have gone through something very traumatic and recovery takes time.

best sleep habits to have for PTSD?

1. good wake up/sleep times

2. avoid taking naps

are stress lowering techniques the same for everyone?

what is compassion fatigue?

the physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion that occurs from repeatedly caring for patients who are suffering, experiencing trauma, or dealing with difficult situations.

what are 11 signs/symptoms of compassion fatigue

1. Feeling overwhelmed

2. exhaustion

3. depression

4. insomnia

5. Inability to function

6. withdrawal

7. decreased self-esteem

8. Intrusive thoughts

9. easily frustrated

10. hopelessness

11. Difficulty separating work from home

12. ineffective coping techniques (drinking)

7 describing factors of those with compassion fatigue

1. pessimistic

2. being over critical,

3. irritable

4. Dreads working with certain people

5. Ineffective/destructive self-soothing behaviors

6. Demoralization

7. questioning professional competence.