Process Equipment and Plant Design Flashcards

Vocabulary practice flashcards generated from multiple choice notes on chemical process equipment and plant design.

Shear Modulus

The ratio of shear stress to shear strain in a material.

25 Per Cent Cut Segmental Baffle

A baffle arrangement in shell and tube heat exchangers where the baffle height is $75\%$ of the shell inside diameter (I.D.).

Elastic Limit

The maximum stress developed in a material without producing any permanent set or deformation.

Tube Pitch

In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the shortest centre-to-centre distance between adjacent tubes.

Factor of Safety

In equipment design, the ratio of the ultimate stress to the working stress.

Overall Tray Efficiency

In a distillation column, the ratio of the number of ideal trays required to the number of real trays required.

Saddle Supports

Support structures specifically used for supporting horizontal cylindrical vessels.

Bracket Supports

Also known as lug supports, these are support structures most suitable for supporting thick-walled vertical vessels.

Stuffing Box

A mechanical assembly used for the prevention of fluid leakage around moving parts in process equipment.

Value of $q$ for Saturated Liquid Feed

In a distillation column, the value of the liquid fraction $q$ equal to $1$ when the feed stream is saturated liquid.

Minimum Baffle Spacing

The minimum recommended baffle spacing in a shell and tube heat exchanger, equal to about $0.2\,D$ where $D$ is the shell diameter.

Point A on Mild Steel Stress-Strain Curve

The point on the stress-strain diagram for low carbon/mild steel representing the elastic limit.

Fresh Water Pipeline Color Code

Sea green, used in chemical industries to identify fresh water carrying pipelines.

Rupture Diaphragm

A safety accessory provided to mitigate hazards associated with relief valve leakage during storage of extremely hazardous materials.

Nominal Size of a Pipe

A standard designation indicating the approximate diameter of a pipe.

Ligament Efficiency (Perforated Plate)

For a perforated plate with hole pitch $p_h$ and tube inside diameter $d_t$, the efficiency given by $\frac{p_h - d_t}{p_h}$.

Peclet Number = $\infty$

The condition of Peclet number representing ideal plug flow in fluid flow systems.

Peclet Number = $0$

The condition of Peclet number representing complete back-mixing in fluid flow systems.

Hemispherical Dished Head

The strongest dished head shape for closing cylindrical pressure vessels.

HETP (Height Equivalent to a Theoretical Plate)

The height of packing in mass transfer columns that yields the same separation as one theoretical plate.