Chemical Texture Services Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards covering chemical texture concepts, perm wave types, chemicals, bond structures, wrapping techniques, and relaxers based on the provided lecture transcript.

Chemical texture services

The process of chemically altering the natural wave pattern of hair.

pH (Potential Hydrogen)

A scale ranging from 0 to 14 used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a substance.

Cuticle

The tough exterior layer of the hair structure.

Amino acids

Compounds made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur.

Keratin proteins

Long, coiled polypeptide chains found within the hair structure.

Disulfide bonds

Chemical side bonds formed when two sulfur-type chains are joined together.

Hydrogen bonds

Physical side bonds that are easily broken by water or heat and re-formed when the hair is dried.

Lanthionization

The process by which hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair by removing one of the bonded sulfur atoms in a disulfide bond.

Lanthionine bond

The converted bond formed when a hydroxide relaxer removes a sulfur atom from a disulfide bond.

Ammonium thioglycolate (ATG)

The active ingredient or reducing agent used in alkaline permanent waves.

Glycerol monothioglycolate (GMTG)

The main active ingredient in true acid and acid-balanced waving lotions.

Alkaline waves

Also known as cold waves; permanent waves processed without an outside heat source that have a pH between 9.0 and 9.6 and use ATG as the active ingredient.

Acid-balanced waves

Permanent waves that have a 7.0 or neutral pH and process at room temperature.

Exothermic waves

Permanent waves that create a chemical reaction that heats up the waving solution and speeds up processing.

Endothermic waves

Permanent waves that are activated from an outside heat source, such as a conventional hooded blowdryer.

Thio neutralization

The process that stops the action of permanent wave solution and rebuilds the hair into its new form through oxidation.

Hydrogen peroxide

The most common active neutralizer ingredient used in permanent waving.

Overprocessed hair

Hair that has too many disulfide bonds broken and will not hold a firm curl.

Croquignole wrap

A method of wrapping hair around a perm rod from the ends to the scalp.

Spiral perm wrap

A wrapping technique where the hair is wrapped at an angle other than perpendicular to the length of the rod.

Concave rods

The most common type of perm rod, featuring a smaller diameter in the center than at the ends.

Straight rods

Perm rods that are equal in diameter along their entire length or curling area.

Loop rod

Also known as a circle rod; a long, pliable rod used for perming that can be bent into a circle shape.

Piggyback wrap

Also known as the double-rod wrap technique; a perming method where two rods are used to wrap hair that extends past the shoulders.

Bricklay permanent wrap

A wrapping pattern in which base sections are offset row by row to prevent noticeable splits in the hair.

Chemical hair relaxing

The process of rearranging the basic structure of curly hair into a straighter or smoother form.

Sodium hydroxide relaxers

Hydroxide relaxers commonly known as lye relaxers.

Guanidine hydroxide relaxers

Relaxers containing two components that must be mixed immediately prior to use; often marketed as no-mix/no-lye relaxers.

No-base relaxers

Hydroxide relaxers that do not require the application of a protective base cream to the scalp.

Normalizing lotion

A conditioner with an acidic pH that restores the hair's natural pH after a hydroxide relaxer service.

Japanese thermal straightening

A hair service combining the use of a thio relaxer with flat ironing.

Soft curl permanent

A thio-based chemical service combining a thio relaxer and a thio permanent wrapped on large rods to loosen extremely curly hair into a larger curl pattern.