Testosterone and Its Effects

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the biology, effects, and implications of testosterone as discussed in the lecture notes.

Testosterone

A steroid hormone that regulates various functions in the body, particularly in the development of male characteristics and reproductive functions.

Estrogen

A hormone that plays a key role in the regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sexual characteristics.

Digit Ratio

The ratio of the lengths of different fingers, often associated with levels of prenatal testosterone exposure.

Sexual Dimorphism

The differences in appearance between males and females of the same species, often including size, color, or structure.

Hypothalamus

A region of the brain that regulates many bodily functions, including hormone release from the pituitary gland.

Negative Feedback

A control mechanism whereby a change in a physiological variable triggers responses that counteract the initial change.

Cognitive Ability

The mental capacity to learn, think, reason, and solve problems, which may be influenced by hormone levels.

Paternal Care

The role of a father in the care and upbringing of his children.

Salivary Testosterone

The measurement of testosterone levels in saliva, which can reflect testosterone levels acting on the brain and body.

The Challenge Hypothesis

A theory suggesting that testosterone levels increase in response to social competition and challenges.