bacterial stis

strain

a population of organisms that descend from a single organism or pure culture

serovar

a variant strain of a microbe that has distinct antigenic properties

genotype

specific sett of alleles carried in the genome of an organism

chlamydia serovars that cause urogenital tract infections

d-k

chlamydia d-k causes and infects

can cause pelvic inflammatory disease - infects columnar epithelial cells, most asymptomatic

chlamydiae

gram neg bacteria - outer membrane lps is truncated, abnormal peptidoglycan, small, non motile, need host cell mitochondria

entry, mulitplication and spread chlamydiae

eb binds columnar epithelial cells via adhesins, receptor mediated endocytosis, eb transforms into metabolically active rb, replicate in inclusions

eb

elementary body - infectious, extracellular particle

rb

reticulate body - intracellular, replicative phase (do not survive outside cells)

damage and the ir - chlamydiae

infected epithelial cells produce chemokines and other immune mediators, chronic inf, cell damage and scar formation, ifn = prolonged rb phase

diagnosing chlamydia

cervical/ urethral swabs, first pass urine, conjunctival swab, pcr, ag detection via eia rat

treating chlamydia

antibiotics - 1 week of tetracycline, single dose of long acting macrolide

neisseria gonorrhoeae

gram neg diplococcus, fastidious, co2 enriched atmosphere, in women also PID

entry of gonnorhea

targets mucosal epithelial cells (columnar cells), attach via adhesins, replicate at cell surface, translocate to subepithelial tissues

damage and the immune response - gonnorhea

infl response stimulated, avoid killing by neut and complement, no immunity from prior infection, produce iga protease

specimens n.gonorrhoeae

gram stain and culture from discharge/ swab, pcr from urine, ag detect via eia rat, micro show in/extra gram neg diplococci and polymorphonuclear neut

culture for gonnorhea

gc biplate - selective enriched medium

treating gonnohrea

injectable, ab tested via culture

syphillis bacteria name

treponema pallidum

t. pallidum

slender spiral rod, need special techniques to visualise, very labile, needs mammalian cell culture

infection - syphillis

3 week incubation, primary - asymp mainly 2-24 wks, secondary at 3-30 yr, tertiary is less common

diagnosing syphillis

swab from primary lesion, dark ground microscopy or pcr from exudate, blood used, serology via eia and cross reactive ab

treating syphillis

sensitive to penicillin, prevent congenital syphillis and progression to tertiary