History weimar germany

Nov 1918

Kaiser II abdicates from the throne

11th Nov 1918

Armistice signed and WW1 ends

Armistice meaning

Formal agreement between countries to stop warring parties (in this case countries) to stop fighting and suspend hostile activities

Jan 1919

1. Spartacists uprising

2. Led by Rosa Luxemborg

3. Crushed by Freikorps

Where on the political spectrum were the spartacists

far left/communists

Jun 1919

Treaty of Versailles signed

How did German people feel about the armistice being signed

The felt “stabbed in the back” because they felt that they could’ve won. They called those that signed it the “November criminals”

3 terms for the Treaty of Versailles

1. Full war guilt (article 231)

2. £6.6 billion in reparations over 66 years

3. Demilitarisation of the Rhineland

Mar 1920

1. Kapp Putsch

2. Lead by Wolfgang Kapp

3. Failed because of lack of support

Jan 1923

Invasion of the Ruhr

Who and why did they invade the ruhr

1. France

2. Because Germany failed to pay reparations

Jun 1923

Hyperinflation began as a cause of the invasion of the Ruhr

What was the cause of Hyperinflation

1. French invades the Ruhr

2. Weimar Government encouraged passive resistance by making workers not work and paying them in turn

3. They couldn’t pay the workers so they decided to print money which led to hyper inflation

Social effects of hyperinflation

1. loss of savings and fixed income

2. Extreme price escalation (e.g. one loaf of bread = 2 billion marks in 1923)

3. Heavy debts and loans could be easily paid off

Political effects of hyperinflation

1. Erosion of faith in the government

2. Extremist rebellions

Aug 1923

Gustav Stresemann becomes Chancellor

Sept 1924

Stresemann signs the Dawes plan which ends hyperinflation

What is the Dawes plan?

1. Lowered annual payment of reparations and over a longer period of time

2. Loan of 800 million gold marks (mostly from American banks) to kick start the economy

3. Evacuation of the Ruhr

Dec 1925

Germany signs the Locarno pact

What is the locarno pact?

Pact between Germany and European countries to agree to the Western boarders

June 1929

Young plan is signed

What is the young plan?

1. Agreement of the reparations going from £6.6 billion to £2 billion

2. Over the period of 59 years

October 1929

Wall street crash, Gustav Stresemann dies

Mar 1930

Bruning appointed chancellor by Hindenburg

Sep 1930

Nazi largest party

Jan 1933

Hitler appointed chancellor

Feb 1933

Reichstag fire