Neuro

CNS

Consists of brain and spinal cord

PNS

Carries information between CNS and the rest of the body

Somatic Nervous System

Controls skeletal muscle movement

Sympathetic Nervous System

Fight or Flight

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Rest and Digest

Neurotransmitters

Chemical messengers between neurons

Dopamine

movement, motivation, and reward.

Acetylcholine

muscle movement.

GABA

calming/inhibitory effect.

Serotonin

mood and sleep.

Norepinephrine

Alertness, attention, stress response

Cerebrovascular Accident

Stroke

Ischemic Stroke

Stroke caused by obstruction of cerebral artery

Hemorrhagic Stroke

Stroke caused by ruptured cerebral blood vessel

Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Bleeding within brain tissue

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Bleeding in subarachnoid space

Transient Ischemic Attack

Warning Stroke / Mini-Stroke

Alteplase

Drug that dissolves blood clots in eligible ischemic stroke patients

Nicardipine

Drug used for controlled BP reduction in hemorrhagic stroke

Seizure

Sudden abnormal electrical activity in the brain

Epilepsy

Neurological disorder involving recurrent unprovoked seizures

Generalized Seizure

Seizure involving both sides of the brain from the start

Partial/Focal Seizure

Seizure affecting only part of the brain

Benzodiazepines

Rapid-onset anticonvulsant drug class

Midazolam and Lorazepam

Examples of benzodiazepines

Flumazenil

Antidote for benzodiazepines

Levetiracetam & Phenytoin

Most commonly used anticonvulsant, okay in pregnant women

Valproic Acid

Broad-spectrum anticonvulsant with teratogenic risk

Multiple Sclerosis

Chronic progressive autoimmune disease involving demyelination

Scanning Speech, Intentional Tremors, Nystagmus

Multiple Sclerosis Charcot's Triad

IV Methylprednisolone

DOC for acute Multiple Sclerosis relapse

Baclofen

Drug for spasticity

Gabapentin

Drug for neuropathic pain

Interferon Beta

Immunomodulator used in MS

Myasthenia Gravis

Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder

Pyridostigmine

Drug that inhibits acetylcholinesterase in myasthenia gravis.

Descending Paralysis

Myasthenia Gravis Characteristic progression of weakness

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Autoimmune disorder affecting peripheral nerves

Ascending Paralysis

Guillain-Barré Syndrome Characteristic progression of weakness

IV Immunoglobulin (IVIG)

Treatment that modifies immune response Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Gabapentin and Pregabalin

Medications for neuropathic pain