Biology Vocab Quiz

(Sometime 1/15/23 - 1/22/23)

Inheritance

transmittance of inborn characteristics from parent to offspring

Heritable

adjective describing traits that are genetically based/ passed on from parent to offspring

Genetics

branch of biology that focuses on heredity

True breeding

adjective describing an individual in which when self pollinated will only produce offspring with the same form of a trait as the parent

P=Parental generation

1st 2 individuals crossed during breeding experiment

F1

first filial that is a generation of offspring made from breeding parent 

F2

Second filial that is a generation of offspring produced by first filial generation

Self pollinate

pollen is given to female gamete

Self fertilized

pollen has reached the egg and the egg becomes a zygote

Cross Pollinate

process in which pollen from one plant is used during reproduction with another plant

Blending

process in which parents pass on traits to offspring which blend to become an intermediate

Law of segregation

alleles for a trait separate when gametes are formed 

Law of independent assortment

alleles of different genes separate independently of one another

Locus

Location of a gene

dominant alleles

Capital letters

recessive alleles

lower case

Homozygous

if 2 alleles of a particular gene are the same in an individual 

Heterozygous

if 2 alleles of a particular gene are different in an individual

Genotype

the set of alleles that an individual has for a trait

Phenotype

physical expression of a trait