Principles + Effects + Phenomenon + Fallacies

Occam's Razor

Simpler explanations are more likely to be true than complex ones.

Barnum effect/ Forer effect

the tendency to accept certain information as true, such as character assessments or horoscopes, even when the information is so vague as to be worthless.

Werther effect

A spike of emulation suicides after a widely publicized suicide

Motte-and-bailey fallacy

The motte-and-bailey fallacy is a form of argument and an informal fallacy where an arguer conflates two positions that share similarities, one modest and easy to defend and one much more controversial and harder to defend. / example: Person: 1 : "I'm pro choice." Person 2: "So what you're saying is you're anti choice."