Step-Up + Step-Down Transformers
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18 Terms
What is a step-up transformer?
A transformer that increases the potential difference.
What is a step-down transformer?
A transformer that decreases the potential difference.
How does the number of turns compare in a step-up transformer?
The secondary coil has more turns than the primary coil.
How does the number of turns compare in a step-down transformer?
The secondary coil has fewer turns than the primary coil.
What happens to potential difference when the secondary coil has twice as many turns as the primary?
The output potential difference is twice the input potential difference, ideally.
What happens to potential difference when the secondary has half as many turns as the primary?
The output potential difference is half the input potential difference, ideally.
What happens to current when potential difference increases in an ideal transformer transferring the same power?
Current decreases.
What happens to current when potential difference decreases in an ideal transformer transferring the same power?
Current increases.
Why does a step-up transformer not create energy?
The increase in potential difference is accompanied by a decrease in current, so energy is conserved.
What is the efficiency of an ideal transformer?
100%.
How does input power compare with output power in an ideal transformer?
Input power equals output power.
How does output power compare with input power in a real transformer?
Output power is lower because some energy is dissipated.
What is the relationship between the turns ratio and potential difference ratio?
They are equal for an ideal transformer.
Why are step-up transformers used for electricity transmission?
They increase potential difference and reduce current, reducing heating losses in cables.
Why are step-down transformers used near consumers?
They reduce potential difference to a suitable level for use.
What happens if the secondary coil has the same number of turns as the primary?
The output potential difference is approximately equal to the input potential difference.
Why is alternating current essential for ordinary transformers?
It produces the changing magnetic field required for induction.
What is a common transformer exam mistake?
Assuming a higher potential difference means more power is created.