Content 11

Passive movement occurs when molecules move from region of ______

concentration to _____concentration.

High and low

Active movement occurs when molecules move from region of _______concentration to _______concentration. This requires a form of energy such as ATP

Low and high

Select all the transport that requires ATP usage.

-Na+/K+ pump that moves sodium and potassium ions against their gradients.

-Release of neurotransmitters from a nerve cell.

-Cell engulfing particles (e.g., phagocytosis of bacteria).

Macrophages, a type of immune cells, can engulf bacteria cells to prevent infection from spreading in our body. What type of transport would be used to bring the bacteria from outside to inside of the macrophage cells?

• 
  Phagocytosis, a specialized form of endocytosis

Remembering back to cell structure, what organelle would degrade the engulfed bacteria?

lysosome

tight junction

A type of junction that seals neighboring cells tightly together to prevent substances from leaking between them, common in epithelial tissues.

anchoring junction

These junctions (like desmosomes) connect cells to each other or to the extracellular matrix, providing mechanical strength and stability.

gap junction

Pores in animal cells that connect the cytoplasm of neighboring cells, allowing for the direct exchange of ions and small molecules for communication.

plasmodesmata

Channels between plant cells that allow water, nutrients, and signaling molecules to pass directly from one cell to another.

Onion cells

plasmodesmata

brain cells

gap junction

skin cells

tight junction

muscle cells

anchoring junction