ww1

When did World War I start/end?

Started: 28 July 1914.
Ended: 11 November 1918

Why did World War I start?

Franz Ferdinand’s assassination started the crisis; alliances, nationalism, militarism and competition for empires spread the war.

What does ANZAC stand for?

Australian and New Zealand Army Corps.

When is ANZAC Day?

25 April, honouring fallen soldiers and commemorating Gallipoli.

When was the Battle of Gallipoli?

January 1916, including the evacuation.

What was the aim of the Battle of Gallipoli

Capture the Dardanelles, threaten Constantinople, and supply Russia through the Black Sea.

What planned to happen at the Battle of Gallipoli

What happened? Allied troops faced Ottoman resistance and difficult terrain at Gallipoli.

Was it a success? No. The Allies evacuated, but Gallipoli shaped New Zealand and Australian identity.

When was the Battle of Passchendaele?

July–November 1917; Major NZ attack july 12th

What was the aim of the Battle Of Passchendaele?

Break through German defences and capture the Passchendaele ridge in Belgium.

What happened at the Battle of Passchendaele

What happened? Rain and mud hindered attacks, causing heavy New Zealand casualties.

Was it a success? No. The Allies captured the village but failed to achieve their main objectives.

When was the Battle of Somme?

1 July–18 November 1916.

What was the aim of the Battle Of Somme?

Break through German lines and relieve pressure on French forces at Verdun.

What happened at the Battle of Somme

What happened? Allied forces suffered heavy casualties and gained little territory.

Was it a success? No. They failed to break through but weakened Germany and relieved pressure on France.

What does the term “Western Front” mean?

The main battlefront in France and Belgium, where Allied and German forces fought.

What does the term “No Man’s Land” mean?

The exposed ground between opposing trench systems.

What does the term “Deadlock / stalemate” mean?

neither side can advance in battle.

What does the term “War of attrition” mean?

Strategy that dwindles the enemy’s resources through prioritizing defense