chapter 1 glossary

Pertaining to the abdomen

abdominal

Move toward the midline

adduct

Cancerous tumor of glandular tissue

adenocarcinoma

Surgical puncture of the amniotic sac to remove fluid

amniocentesis

Condition involving a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin

anemia

Record or image of a blood vessel

angiogram

Agent that acts against microorganisms

antibiotic

Suturing of an artery

arteriorrhaphy

Inflammation of a joint

arthritis

Visual examination of a joint

arthroscopy

Pertaining to both sides

bilateral

Removal of tissue for microscopic examination

biopsy

Visual examination of the bronchial tubes

bronchoscopy

Pertaining to the heart

cardiac

Enlargement of the heart

cardiomegaly

Disease of the heart

cardiopathy

Pertaining to the head

cephalic

Hardening of the brain tissue

cerebrosclerosis

Largest part of the brain

cerebrum

Lasting for a long period of time

chronic

Visual examination of the colon

colonoscopy

Pertaining to the heart's coronary vessels

coronary

Inflammation of the urinary bladder

cystitis

Specialist who studies cells

cytologist

Specialist in the skin

dermatologist

Identification of a disease or condition

diagnosis

Not normal

abnormal

Surgical removal of a gland

adenectomy

Absence of menstrual flow

amenorrhea

Absence or relief of pain

analgesia

Specialist who administers anesthesia

anesthetist

Before birth

antenatal

Absence of breathing

apnea

Pain in a joint

arthralgia

Instrument used to visually examine a joint

arthroscope

Examination of a dead body to determine cause of death

autopsy

Specialist who studies living organisms

biologist

Abnormally slow heart rate

bradycardia

Cancerous tumor

carcinoma

Specialist in the heart

cardiologist

Disease of the heart muscle

cardiomyopathy

Pertaining to the abdomen

celiac

Pertaining to the cerebrum

cerebral

Pertaining to the brain and blood vessels

cerebrovascular

Pertaining to the neck

cervical

Plural form of coccyx

coccyges

Creation of an opening into the colon

colostomy

Pertaining to the skin

cutaneous

Visual examination of the urinary bladder

cystoscopy

Inflammation of the skin

dermatitis

Abnormal condition of the skin

dermatosis

Measurement across the center of a structure

diameter

Frequent passage of loose or watery stools

diarrhea

Instrument used to visually examine the duodenum

duodenoscope

Intestinal disease with severe diarrhea

dysentery

Difficult breathing

dyspnea

Record of the electrical activity of the heart

electrocardiogram

Process of recording the electrical activity of the brain

electroencephalography

Glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

endocrine glands

Inner lining of the uterus

endometrium

Pertaining to epithelium

epithelial

Red blood cell

erythrocyte

Normal breathing

eupnea

Glands that secrete through ducts

exocrine glands

Inflammation of the stomach

gastritis

Specialist in the stomach and intestines

gastroenterologist

Visual examination of the stomach

gastroscopy

Pertaining to the jaw

gnathic

Study of the female reproductive system

gynecology

Localized collection of blood

hematoma

Blood in the urine

hematuria

Oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells

hemoglobin

Inflammation of the liver

hepatitis

Enlargement of the liver

hepatomegaly

Abnormally high blood pressure

hypertension

Abnormally low blood pressure

hypotension

Surgical removal of the uterus

hysterectomy

Visual examination of the abdominal cavity

laparoscopy

Surgical removal of the larynx

laryngectomy

Cancer of blood-forming tissues

leukemia

Creation of an opening between the duodenum and jejunum

duodenojejunostomy

First part of the small intestine

duodenum

Painful or difficult menstruation

dysmenorrhea

Painful or difficult urination

dysuria

Record of the electrical activity of the brain

electroencephalogram

Inflammation of the brain

encephalitis

Specialist in endocrine glands

endocrinologist

Instrument used to visually examine inside the body

endoscope

Redness of the skin

erythema

Visual examination of the esophagus

esophagoscopy

Intentional ending of life to relieve suffering

euthanasia

Pertaining to the stomach

gastric

Inflammation of the stomach and intestines

gastroenteritis

Study of the stomach and intestines

gastroenterology

Inflammation of the gums

gingivitis

Specialist in the female reproductive system

gynecologist

Specialist in blood

hematologist

Excessive bleeding from the liver

hepatorrhagia

Surgical removal of half of the stomach

hemigastrectomy

Excessive bleeding

hemorrhage