chapter3

What is the definition of diet according to the passage?

Diet is the food we consume regularly.

What does nutrition refer to?

Nutrition refers to the process by which all living things receive the food necessary for them to grow and be healthy.

Why are diet and nutrition considered the most fundamental of human needs?

Because they are essential for our health, energy and growth.

What do we need to have to survive?

A nutritious diet – a mixture of all the nutrients that our body needs.

What are diet and nutrition strongly linked to?

Environmental factors.

How many kinds of nutrients are essential for our body?

Six.

What are the six kinds of nutrients?

Carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, dietary fibre, proteins, and lipids.

What are the major roles of these nutrients?

They play a major role in maintaining good health.

Name the food groups mentioned.

Grains, fruits, vegetables, milk products, animal products and beans, and oily foods.

What do grains provide?

Carbohydrates (energy-giving foods).

What do fresh fruits and vegetables give us?

Minerals, vitamins and fibre.

What are rich sources of proteins?

Beans, milk products, and animal products such as meat, fish and eggs.

What kind of foods provide fatty acids?

Foods such as vegetable oil, fish and other seafood, nuts and seeds, eggs, yogurt, milk.

What do physicians and nutritionists recommend for staying healthy?

A balanced diet that consists of a variety of foods.

What does a balanced diet simply mean?

Eating more fruits, vegetables and grains, and consuming less food high in fat, sugar and cholesterol.

What will happen if we have a balanced diet?

We will get all our essential nutrients.

How does a balanced diet help our immune system?

It strengthens our immune system and protects us against illness.

What is one of the most important factors in remaining healthy?

Taking preventive medicine.

How do recent advances in nutrition advise people to combat illness?

By taking vitamins or other nutritional supplements.

According to the passage, what do we actually need instead of bread?

Carbohydrates.

What do we need instead of fruits and vegetables?

Vitamins and minerals.

Name three kinds of food that are not good for us.

Processed foods, refined foods, and high-cholesterol foods.

Why are many processed foods associated with high blood pressure?

Because they contain a lot of sodium.

What is the problem with artificial colourings and flavourings in processed foods?

They are chemicals that can be harmful to our health.

What are refined foods?

Highly processed foods that have been stripped of their original nutrient content and fibre.

Give three examples of refined foods.

White flour, white rice, table sugar (or high fructose corn syrup).

Why are refined foods not good for our health?

Because essential nutrients are lost in food processing.

What health risk is linked to high-cholesterol foods?

A higher risk of heart disease.

Why are high-cholesterol foods bad for us?

Because they contain saturated fat.

List four things we must be careful to avoid consuming.

Foods high in sodium, fat, sugar, and cholesterol.

What will happen if national institutions and local communities fail to protect the environment?

Their hopes of thriving in the long run will be dashed.

What are some foods that forests provide?

Mushrooms, bamboo shoots, nuts, berries, leaves, and tubers.

What is the root cause of environmental damage?

Pollution.

What can environmental damage cause?

Malnutrition and infectious diseases.

What are diet and nutrition described as in conclusion?

The very basic life-sustaining forces of all living things and the keystone of good health.

What does a nutritious diet also depend on?

The environmental policies of the governments.