Transport Mechanisms and the Factors that Affect Them

Site Factors: Overland Flow & Movement through Aquifiers to Surface Water (Water)

Precipitation, Infiltration rate, Soil type

Chemical Factors: Overland Flow & Movement through Aquifiers to Surface Water (Water)

Water solubility, Adsorption coefficient (Koc), Density of liquid

Site Factors: Volatilization (Water)

Climatic conditions (temperature); Contamination concentration (overall)

Chemical Factors: Volatilization (Water)

Water solubility; Vapor pressure; Henry’s Law Constant

Site Factors: Adsorption to Soil and Sediments (Water)

Soil type and chemistry; Carbon content of soil

Chemical Factors: Adsorption to Soil and Sediments (Water)

Water solubility; Adsorption coefficient (Koc); Octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow); Density of liquid

Site Factors: Biological Uptake (Water)

Groundwater used for irrigation or livestock, presence of biota

Chemical Factors: Biological Uptake (Water)

KOW, Bioconcentration Factor (BCF)

Site Factors: Runoff; erosion (Soil)

Precipitation rate; Plants, surface conditions; Soil type and chemistry

Chemical Factors: Runoff; erosion (Soil)

Water solubility; Adsorption coefficient (Koc)

Site Factors: Leaching (Soil)

Soil type and chemistry; Carbon content

Chemical Factors: Leaching (Soil)

Water solubility; Koc

Site Factors: Volatilization (Soil)

Climatic conditions; Soil properties

Chemical Factors: Volatilization (Soil)

Vapor pressure; Henry’s Law Constant

Site Factors: Biologic Uptake (Soil)

Contaminant concentration; soil properties

Chemical Factors: Biologic Uptake (Soil)

Bioconcentration Factor (BCF)

Site Factors: Volatilization (Air)

Open containers; Leaking equipment; Exposed surfaces

Chemical Factors: Volatilization (Air)

Henry’s Law Constant

Site Factors: Wind (Air)

Speed; Direction; Atmospheric stability

Chemical Factors: Wind (Air)

N/A

Site Factors: Aerosolization (Air)

chemicals stored under pressure

Chemical Factors: Aerosolization (Air)

water solubility

Site Factors: Atmospheric Deposition (Air)

Rainfall; Wind

Chemical Factors: Atmospheric Deposition (Air)

Particle size

Site Factors: Bioaccumulation (Biota)

Presence of biota; Consumption rate

Chemical Factors: Bioaccumulation (Biota)

Octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow)

Site Factors: Migration (Biota)

Migratory species; Commercial activities; Sport activities

Chemical Factors: Migration (Biota)

N/A

Site Factors: Vapor Sorption (Biota)

Soil type; Plant species

Chemical Factors: Vapor Sorption (Biota)

N/A

Site Factor: Root Uptake (Biota)

Contaminant depth; Soil moisture; Plant species

Chemical Factor: Root Uptake (Biota)

N/A

Site Factors: Surface runoff, leaching, groundwater movement, volatilization (Waste materials)

Waste type, integrity of the contaminant and of containers/structures, climate

Chemical Factors: Surface runoff, leaching, groundwater movement, volatilization (Waste materials)

N/A