Social Chp 3&4 Flashcards

Intersectionality

The study of overlapping identities and how they connect to oppression, discrimination, or dominance.

Kimberlé Crenshaw

The person who coined the term intersectionality.

Contending Loyalties

Having multiple loyalties that can compete or conflict with each other.

Nationalist Loyalty

Strong attachment and commitment to a particular nation.

Non-Nationalist Loyalty

A personal commitment or identity that is not required by law or politics.

Nationalism

A sense of loyalty and commitment to a particular nation.

Higher Cause

A commitment that may require sacrificing another important part of your identity.

Patriotism

Defending your nation's best values and protecting it from internal and external threats; it does not mean blindly supporting everything your country does.

Patriot

Someone who supports or opposes their nation's policies based on their merits.

Affirmation

The different ways people express and respond to their national loyalties.

Reasonable Accommodation

Finding a compromise between different loyalties or beliefs.

Equitable Resolution

A fair solution that does not necessarily make everyone completely happy.

Civic Nation

A nation based on shared laws, political rights, and government.

Multiculturalism

A society where people with different cultures, languages, and beliefs live together.

Québécois Nationalism

A movement promoting Quebec's distinct French language, culture, and identity.

Quebec Sovereignty

The movement for Quebec to become an independent country.

1980 Quebec Referendum

40% voted in favour of Quebec sovereignty.

1995 Quebec Referendum

A vote on Quebec sovereignty where 49.4% voted in favour, showing how deeply divided Quebec was over independence.

Quiet Revolution

A period of rapid social and political change in Quebec between 1960 and 1970.

Jean Lesage

Quebec Premier who led the Liberal government during the beginning of the Quiet Revolution.

Maîtres chez nous

French for "Masters in Our Own House"; Quebec's desire for greater control over its future.

Secularization

Reducing the influence of religion, particularly the Catholic Church, in government and society.

Nationalization

Government taking control of privately owned industries or resources.

FLQ

Front de Libération du Québec; a radical separatist group that wanted Quebec independence through violence.

Separatism

The movement for a region or group to become independent from a larger country.

October Crisis (1970)

A crisis caused by FLQ kidnappings and the murder of Quebec Minister Pierre Laporte.

James Cross

British diplomat kidnapped by the FLQ on October 5, 1970.

Pierre Laporte

Quebec Minister kidnapped and murdered by the FLQ in October 1970.

War Measures Act

Emergency legislation invoked during the October Crisis, allowing mass arrests.

Parti Québécois

A political party that supports Quebec sovereignty and came to power in 1976.

Indigenous Nationalism

A movement supporting First Nations' rights, cultural identity, and self-determination.

Self-Determination

The right of a people to control their own political future.

Cultural Preservation

Protecting and maintaining a group's traditions, language, and identity.

Métis

A distinct Indigenous people of mixed Indigenous and European ancestry, mainly French, with their own culture, language (Michif), and traditions.

Red River Rebellion (1869–1870)

A Métis resistance movement led by Louis Riel against Canadian expansion into the West, which threatened Métis land and communities.

Fort Garry

The location seized by Louis Riel and his followers in November 1869.

Manitoba Act (1870)

Legislation that created Manitoba as a province and provided for Métis land and cultural protections.

Thomas Scott

An English-speaking settler executed by Riel's forces in March 1870.

White Paper (1969) and Red Paper

The White Paper was Pierre Trudeau's proposal to abolish the Indian Act, eliminate Indian status, and integrate First Nations into mainstream society. The Indian National Brotherhood rejected it by publishing the Red Paper, which defended First Nations' rights.

Pierre Trudeau

Prime Minister who proposed the White Paper with Jean Chrétien.

Indian National Brotherhood

Indigenous organization that opposed the White Paper and later became the Assembly of First Nations.

Assembly of First Nations (AFN)

Organization representing First Nations and advocating for their rights and sovereignty.

How does Canada reconcile different loyalties?

Through official bilingualism, multiculturalism, Nunavut's creation in 1999, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, and government apologies for historical injustices.

What was the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples (1991)?

Examined Indigenous-government relations and recommended self-determination and reconciliation.

What is socioeconomic class?

A person's social and economic position based on wealth, education, and career.

What is class loyalty?

Loyalty to people with similar economic and social experiences.

What were the French (1789) and Russian (1917) Revolutions examples of?

Class loyalties overpowering nationalist loyalties.

What were the Bolsheviks?

A revolutionary group led by Vladimir Lenin that seized power in Russia in 1917.

What was the Winnipeg General Strike (1919)?

30,000 workers striking for better wages and working conditions.

What was Bloody Saturday?

June 21, 1919: Police attacked Winnipeg protesters, k*lling 2 and injuring over 30.

What was the Edmonton Hunger March (1932)?

Workers protested for food and economic support during the Great Depression.

What caused conflict between religious groups in Iraq?

Differences between Sunni Arabs, Shia Arabs, and Sunni Kurds in religion, culture, and politics.

What is India's caste system?

A social hierarchy affecting people's education, employment, and opportunities.

What was the National Energy Program (NEP)?

Trudeau's program to increase Canadian energy independence and control oil and gas.

Why did Alberta oppose the NEP, and what happened?

It reduced potential profits, hurt the oil industry, and caused job and revenue losses.