Forensic Quiz 2

guns, and such

two things’ humans can’t fuck up are…

1.fracture matching (paper, glass, fibers ,etc)

2.DNA

what do you need to find someone as a suspect for a crime?

1.fingerprint

2.DNA

3.Cameras

What is the value of physical evidence?

1.crime scene reconstruction

2.investigate lead

3.criminal trials

4.serial criminals

exculpatory evidence:

defendant is NOT guilty

inculpatory evidence

defendant is guilty

primary categories of physical evidence:

1.drugs

2.fingerprints

3.documents

4.trace

5.biological tissue'

6.firearms

7.fracture matches

radical

conchoidal

concentric

will a radical fracture stop when in contact with another radical fracture?

YES

class evidence:

hair color, skin color, type of blood, color of car, etc

individual evidence:

wear patterns on shoes, DNA, Fingerprints

unknowns:

everything at a crime scene is unknown

exemplars or knowns

DNA from victim to test other DNA against it

controls:

identify false positives and test DNA against a blank test

reference standards:

helps narrow down information

IAFS:

integrated automated fingerprint indenfication system (criminal and civil collection)

AFIS:

automated fingerprint identification system (for searching an area, criminal and non-criminal fingerprints, scheduled comparions)

CODIS:

Combined DNA index system (convicted offender index, forensic index, and scheduled comparisons)

NIBIN:

national integrated ballistics information network

1. maintained by ATFE

2. contains information (projectiles and bullets)

3. scheduled comparisons

T/F: you can use metal tweezers for shell casings?

FALSE

What materials are used to catch bullets because it preserves it well?

Water, Cotton, Ballistics Gel

point data query:

1. maintained by the royal Canadian mounted police (RCMP)

2. Samples of paint composites

   1. case files'

   2. domestic and forensics manufactures'

what are damaged bullets

class

what are striations on whole bullets?

individual

glass evidence database:

1. 700 samples of glass, from junkyards, distributions, and manufactures

2. can’t determine source of glass but similar characteristics that could lead to source

Treadmarks:

1. compare shoe impressions, data from scene and suspects

2. comparison, wear damage (individual), size(class), pattern of points comparison

Forensic information system for handwriting (FISH)

1. scan and digitize handwriting

2. characteristics plotted and compared against existing samples