marks and modes of lit

imagery

descriptive words or phrases that appeal to sense perceptions in order to create an impression

parallelism

similartiy in the structure of 2 or more phrases, clauses, or sentences

euphony

words that are pleasant and musical to the ear

ie: mists, mellow, close, sun, bless, vines, eves

cacophony

words of harness or dissonance

ie: crumpled, honking, and grumbling

metaphor

an imaginative comparison consisting of the stated or implied equivalence of 2 dissimilar things

ie: jesus is the way.

tenor

in a metaphor, the original subject which the metaphor seeks to describe

ie: in previous exc jesus is the tenor

vehicle

in a metaphor, the image the tenor of the metaphor is being compared to

ie: in the previous exc, the way is the tenor

implied metaphor

metaphors conveyed indirectly

extended metaphor

a metaphor that is developed beyond a single sentence or comparison

allegory

a type of extended metaphor that forms a story with 2 levels of meaning, a literal and an implied

ie: the lion the witch and the wardrobe

metonymy

an expresion in which a related thing stands for thing itself

ie: the white house - the president

synecdoche

using part of something to stand for the whole

ie: faces in the crowd - specific people in the crowd

alliteration

the repetition of initial consonant sounds

ie: fresh fire

simile

a comparison of 2 unlike things using like or as

assonance

the repetition of similar vowel sounds in a series of words

ie: a rolling stone gathers no moss

consonance

the repetition of terminal consonant sounds

ie: bit, flight, let...pitter patter, slither slather

personification

giving human characteristics to something that is not human