pnb 2264 lab practical bone/ muscle identification + functions

Parietal Bone

Frontal Bone

Occipital Bone

Temporal Bone

Sphenoid Bone

Ethmoid Bone

Maxillae

Zygomatic

Lacrimal

Nasal

Mandible

Palatine

Coronal Suture

What does the coronal suture do?

joins frontal and parietal bone

Sagittal suture

What does the sagittal suture do?

joins parietal bones

lambdoidal suture

What does the lambdoidal suture do?

joins both parietal bones with occipital bone

Squamous suture

what does the squamous suture do?

joins temporal and parietal bones

What three bones make up the ear ossicles?

1) malleus

2) incus

3) stapes

Ear ossicles

Hyoid Bone

What bone does not articulate with any other bone in the body?

hyoid bone

Foramen magnum

Jugular foramen

Carotid canal

Superior orbital fissure

shapes of vertebrae

Atlas (C1 vertebrae)

Axis (C2 Vertebrae)

Sacrum

Coccyx

Sternum

Ribs

Temporalis

What does the temporalis do?

closes the jaw

Masseter

What does the masseter do?

closes the jaw and retracts the mandible

Digastrius

digastrius function

• opens the mouth

• elevates and holds hyoid during speech and swallowing

Sternocleidomastoid

Sternocleidomastoid function

• Unilateral contraction (one side): Rotates the head to the opposite side and tilts the ear toward the same shoulder

• Bilateral contraction (both sides): Flexes the neck forward, bringing the chin toward the chest

Medial Pterycloid

Medial Pterygoid ,Temporalis, and Masseter Function

closes jaw

Lateral Pterygoid

Lateral Pterygoid Function

opens jaw

Trapezius

trapezius function

elevates, depresses, and retracts scapula

Latissimus Dorsi

Latissimus Dorsi Function

• ADDucts, extends, and rotates shoulder

• draws shoulder down and backward

Pectoralis Major

Pectoralis Major Function

ADDuction, flexion, and medial rotation of shoulder

What are the bones of the Pectoral Girdle?

Clavicle and Scapula

Clavicle

Scapula

Humerus

Radius

Ulna

Carpus

Metacarpus

Phalanges

Deltoid

Deltoid function

ABDucts shoulder

• posterior deltoid extends the shoulder

• anterior deltoid flexes the shoulder

posterior deltoid function

extension of shoulder

anterior deltoid function

• flexion of shoulder

• ABDucts shoulder

What are the four rotator cuff muscles?

1) infraspinatus

2) supraspinatus

3) subscapularis

4) teres minor

infraspinatus

Infraspinatus function

• lateral rotation of shoulder

• horizontal aDDuction of humerus

Supraspinatus

Suprapinatus functions

• ABDuction of shoulder

• stabilizes shoulder joint

Subscapularis (Anterior)

Subscapularis function

• medial rotation of humerus

• stabilizes shoulder

teres minor

teres minor function

lateral rotation of humerus

Biceps brachii

biceps brachii function

• flexes elbow

• supination of forearm

Brachialis

Brachialis function

flexes elbow

Brachioradialis

Brachioradalis function

flexes elbow

triceps brachii

triceps brachii function

extends elbow and shoulder

flexor carpi ulnaris

flexor carpi ulnaris function

• flexes wrist

• acts with extensor carpi ulnaris to ADDuct wrist

Flexor carpi radialis

Flexor carpi radialis function

flexes and ABDucts wrist

extensor carpi ulnaris

extensor carpi ulnaris function

• extends and ADDucts wrist

• acts with flexor carpi ulnaris to ADDuct wrist

extensor carpi radialis longus

extensor carpi radialis brevis

extensor carpi radialis longus/ extensor carpi radialis brevis functions

• extends and ABDucts wrist

• acts with flexor carpi radialis to ABDuct wrist

what bones make uo the pelvic girdle

1) ilium

2) ischium

3) pubis

What bones come together to form the pelvis?

1) ossa coxae (ilium, ischium, pubis)

2) sacrum

3) coccyx

ilium

ischium

pubis

acetabulum

pelvis

tarsals