Quiz 1: Art History

Quattrocento

15th century art (begin reneissance)

Cinquecento

16th century art

Squinch

arch support

Triglyph & example

• rectangular tablets

• Doric frieze

Loggia

open air gallery supported by arches

Oculus

circle opening lets in air/light

Giornata

day’s work of plaster/fresco work

Sfumato & example

• translucent layers of color to give illusion of volume/form/debth

• Mona Lisa

Chiaroscuro

contrast of light and dark

Define

Vanishing point: where parallel lines meet in linear perspective

define Fresco & 3 examples

painting into wet plaster: (i.e.)

• Raphael school of Athens

• Michael Angelo Sistine Chapel

• Masaccio’s Holy Trinity

Humanism

shift of philosophy in Renaissance focus into human accomplishments, art, good

Triptych & examples

3 panel piece alter piece, (i.e.)

• Adoration of Shepards

Trompe l’oeil

tricking the eye

Which influential Florentine families are important to know, and what was their social/economic role?

• Medici, Pazzi, Pitti, Strozzi, Rucellai

• built wealth through banking, trade, patronage to support art → political power

Reneissance

rebirth/revival of art, learning, literature in Europe

Ghiberi vs Brunelleschi

• 7 competitors Florence

• Ghiberti won -> Baptistry Doors Gates of Paradise

• Brunelleschi -> Cathedral’s dome

Dome History

• 500 years to complete

• Brunelleschi won competition w 3 innovations:

  • Herringbone masonry

  • 16 ribs

  • interior wooden shell

Ghiandarlo’s pupil

Michaelangelo

What technique did Michangelo adapt

Cross hatching & wet fresco

What was Botticelli known for

Mythological works (floral carpets)

• Primaveira (venus, cupid, etc)

• Birth of Venus

what did Leonardo da Vinci do that plagued conservationists

• experimental techniques on dry wall & panels w tempera

• = deteriorating/flaking

Baroque

flamboyant, elaborate, dramatic ornamentation in architecture

Rococo

lighter, free style to glamorize noble/wealthy

Reformation who what where begun

• Martin Luther 1517 95 theses

• Europe

• Split of Catholic → Presbyterian, Lutheran, Protestant etc

What is a court painter & example

• hired by wealthy families travel

• Peter Rubens; large scale traveled & compensated

What new medium being used during Rubens time

oil on canvas

Donatello, Verrocchio, and Michelangelo compare Davids

• Donatello’s: bronze; nude, youthful, relaxed, victory with Goliath’s head.

• Verrocchio’s: bronze; clothed, youthful, alert, more modest

• Michelangelo’s: marble; nude, idealized, muscular

Why was Caravaggio such an important influence on Baroque painting?

Used Realism & Tennebrism

Tennebrism

extreme form of chiarroscuro, spolight contrasty

What 3 shapes and architectural techniques are characteristic of Baroque buildings?

• Molding,

• Ovals,

• Concave Convex

Which French building exemplifies Baroque/Rococo royal splendor & why

• Le Brun’s Versailles

• (hunting lodge → orchards, trees, animals)

Which Italian building exemplifies Baroque

Quattro Fontane

Which Italian church is known for honeycomb coffering?

Quattro Fontane

Why was the Arrival of Marie de Medici by Rubens significant

24 canvas series; gave fake glory & beauty

What are putti

fat baby angels

Name some Italian contemporary artists (extra credit)

• Lippi

• Angelico

• Mantegna

• Giogione

• Titian