HAEC IB History 02 WWI - Events and Outcome

Battle of the Marne

1914 battle which saw the Schlieffen Plan fail, leading to a war of attrition.

Lusitania

Ship sunk by Germany in 1915 during its blockade of Britain.

Somme

1916 battle which led to combined casualties of 1 million for both sides.

4 mph

Average speed of British tanks in WWI.

January 1917

Date Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare.

Convoy system

Tactic used by Britain to overcome the German naval blockade.

Zimmerman Telegram

Intercepted message from Germany encouraging Mexico to invade America.

April 1917

Date America entered WWI.

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Punitive treaty imposed on Russia by Germany in 1918.

Ludendorff Offensive

Germany's final offensive on the Western Front.

Quote by Wawro on the reasons for Allied victory

'Germany would have won World War I had the U.S. Army not intervened in France in 1918.'

2 million

Number of American soldiers in France by the summer of 1918.

1,000

Average amount of calories consumed each day by German civilians in 1918.

Kiel mutiny

Revolt by the German High Seas Fleet in Oct/Nov 1918 when ordered to sea to fight the British navy.

11 November 1918

Date of the armistice requested by the new German government led by Ebert.

Quote by Bourne on impact of new technology.

'Firepower replaced manpower as the instrument of victory.'

Quote by Travers on impact of new technology.

'It was the use of large amounts of traditional and semi-traditional technology, plus attrition, that really ended the war.'

Quote by Niall Ferguson on the outcome of WWI

'Given the overwhelming size advantage of the Allies in terms of population and production in 1914, the outcome of World War I was inevitable.'

$147 billion

Amount spent by the Allies on WWI, according to Fisk.

$61 billion

Amount spent by the Central Powers on WWI, according to Fisk.

Defence of the Realm Act

Law that allowed the British Government extensive powers over civilians.

Prussian Law of Siege

Law that allowed the German Government extensive powers over civilians.

Grayzel on WWI and women

'It would be a mistake to look to the war alone as having irrevocably changed women's lives ... Many wartime opportunities for women proved temporary.'

America and Japan

Countries that benefitted economically from WWI.

Treaty of Versailles

Peace treaty signed by Germany in June 1919.