Ancient Greece Study Guide

Minoans/Mycenaeans

Minoans: Crete for 2000 years. Tied to sea. Women had big roles. Can’t read writing. Volcano?

Mycenaean: Captured Mino, Greek mainland, First Greeks, Warlike, Battle of Troy

City-state

each had own govt & customs

Polis

meaning city

People referred to their polis rather than Greek. Polis center of life

Acropolis

high area: temples/ceremonies

Agora

marketplace

Spartan War Training

helots ratio (7:1), babies from birth, sent to woods no supplies, 20=hoplites. no wife till 30.

Women: gymnastics, own land

Mt. Olympus/Greek Gods

100s of them. 12 Mt. Olympus. Main: Zeus (sky/lighting), Poseidon (sea), Hades (underworld), Athena (wisdom), Aphrodite (love)

First Democracy

ruled by people. we use today. Had 3 branches

Persian Wars

#1: Darius invades Greece, Athens met at Marathon. used phalanx, persia retreated.

#2: Xerxes second attack, Sparta agreed to help. Athens=Navy, Sparta=Army, Thermopylae(Sparta 300). Locals show Persia shortcut, Sparta dies. Athens lured ships to Salamis. Greek wins

Marathon

Messenger ran 26 miles to deliver message of Athens win. Delievered then collapse and died.

Pericles

good leader and speaker, govt participation, extra $ those who served govt. Built Parthenon wanted Athens to be best

Peloponnesian War

Athens spend $. Sparta forms Peloponnesian League. Athens want Sparta military. Sparta want Athens power/respect. war many years. sparta on land, athens in sea. plague killed Pericles. temp. truce. Athens attack Sparta. Sparta better sea. Athens surrender. Both had great damanges

Socrates

Socratic Method of questioning. Died drinking poison.

Plato

Socrates student. not like democracy. Govt ran by philosophers. Created “The Academy”

Aristotle

Studied at The Academy. Reason and Logic.

Alexander the Great

takes over at 20. build empire. ill in babylon died at 33. United and everyone kept culture. Never lost a battle.

Hellenistic

Greek-like