Return to sport quiz 2

what joint type is the hip

ball and socket, 3 DOF

what are the main movements of the hip

flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, internal/external rotation

what are the prime movers of concentric hip flexion

Iliopsoas, TFL, Rectus femoris

which of the hip flexors has the highest torque production potential

iliopsoas

what indicates having a high torque production

a greater lever arm around an axis, greater IMA around a joint axis = higher torque potential

what is the position to best test for a labrum tear

FADIR position, Flexion, Adduction, Internal rotation

what are the main movers in extension of the hip, distal on proximal

glut max, biceps femoris (long head), semitendinosius, semimembranosus

how can moving through full ROM effect lever arms

lever arms of a muscle don’t stay the same throughout full ROM, some muscles become better movers throughout the motion

do you have to move into anatomical extension to be extending at the hip, what is an example of a motion that might disprove this point.

no, when jumping you are extending at the hips but not going into true anatomical extension.

which of the hip extender muscles has the highest torque potential

glut max

what is another term for proximal on distal hip flexion and extension

anterior and posterior pelvic tilt

how are the hip muscles used to prevent pelvic tilt

when in posterior tilt, the flexors will fire to pull the hip to neutral by causing anterior tilt, vice versa. the opposite side chain of muscles is responsible for preventing each form of tilt, anterior chain prevents posterior tilt vice versa

what does ipsidirectional and contradirectional mean in the context of the lumbopelvic rhythm

ispsidirectional refers to moving in the same direction, this would mean that the lumbar spine and pelvis are moving in the same direction. contradirectional meaning independently.

in anterior hip tilt which set of muscles and ligament would become very tight

hip flexors, psoas major and iliofemoral ligament

what passive structures are affected by hip tilt

hip joint and lumbar facets

what is the importance of abdominal activation during a deadbug

it allows for the hips to stay neutral, without proper activation hips will shift into anterior tilt

what are the prime movers in hip abduction

glut med, glut min, TFL

what are the prime movers in hip adduction

adductor longus, magnus, brevis, gracilis

what has the highest torque potential in hip adduction

adductor longus

what has the highest torque potential in hip abduction

glut med

what controls ad/abduction when it is proximal on distal

gravity is the prime mover, opposite movement controls the movement eccentrically. If gravity pushes into adduction, stance leg abductors will fire to control the motion

what does hip hike and hip drop mean anatomically

hip hike = abduction

hip drop = adduction

what muscles are used to move into hip hike

controlled by hip abductors and quadratus lumborum

what is the main vector responsible for hip drop

body weight/gravity

what muscles control hip drop

hip abductors work eccentrically

what muscles are super important for maintaining neutral in the frontal plane

hip abductors

what kind of lever is the hip joint when you are controlling neutral in the frontal plane

first class lever (hip joint is the axis, BW medial force, hip abductors lateral force)

what are the prime movers in internal rotation

hip adductors, primarily glutes

what are the prime movers in hip external rotation

glut max, piriformis

how do proximal on distal hip movements in the transverse plane work

gravity is the prime mover, the opposite movers work to control the movement, if gravity is pushing the hip into internal rotation the external rotators work to control the movement, vice versa.

what do the deep hip rotators do at the hip

stabilize and support the hip joint

what is most important to train at the hip

rotators for maintaining neutral in the closed kinetic chain

what is a good exercise to work on stability of the hip rotators

hip airplane, hinge at the hip followed by internally and externally rotating at the hip

what can a hip hike lead to

anterior hip pinch, primarily affects the joint capsule structures and anterior hip flexors

what muscles are affected by a hip hike

the abductors on the hiked side

what is a mechanism for an adductor strain

hyper abduction, the adductors are put in a bad length-tension relationship to produce the force required to maintain neutral.

what can a cam or pincer deformity affect in the hip

poor rotation within the hip socket during all 3 planes of motion

what is the most common muscle injured in an adductor strain

adductor longus

what sports are you likely to see adductor strains in and why

hockey and soccer, hip put in excessive external rotation and abduction = most strain on adductors, they are then forced to fire from this position.

what action in a gait cycle might cause an adductor strain when playing soccer or hockey

push off in the opposite direction

how would you rehab cutting mechanism to support adductors and prevent future injury

move COM more centrally and anteriorly to prevent excessive abducted and externally rotated positions at the hip

what is another term for a sports hernia

athletic pubalgia

what is the anatomical position most associated with athletic pubalgia

trunk hyperextension and hip hyperabduction

what position would you test for a sports hernia

FADIR (flexion, adduc

what is a good range of symmetry and asymmetry balance

between -10 and +10%

what does it mean to have a negative asymmetry balance

the surgical side is stronger than the non-surgical side

what is the best way to get water and other fluid into the joints

compression forces caused by heavy lifting

what are the mechanisms of stance and swing phase

stance = heel strike —> toe off

swing = toe off —> heel strike

what is the percentage time in stance and swing phase

stance = 60%, swing = 40%

what are the main differences in phases of walking and running

the speed of flexion, extension is much faster when running, there is a flight phase when running, you are in constant anterior tilt when running

what is the main difference in stance phase when running compared to walking

only 40% of the time when running, leads into flight phase after initial toe off