​🏛️ Category 7: History, Demographics & Society

Mass migration

(noun phrase: di cư hàng loạt) The movement of large groups of people between geographical areas. Example: Instability and climate change drive ____ across international borders.

Immigration policies

(noun phrase: chính sách nhập cư) Regulations implemented by a government to control foreign entrance. Example: Developed countries introduced strict ____ to manage skilled workers.

Civilian casualties

(noun phrase: thương vong thường dân) Non-military individuals injured or killed during conflicts. Example: International humanitarian laws aim to minimize ____ during armed wars.

Demographic shift

(noun phrase: thay đổi nhân khẩu học) A significant change in the age distribution or structure of a population. Example: The growing aging population represents a major ____ impacting healthcare.

Indigenous populations

(noun phrase: dân cư bản địa) Groups native to a specific region prior to colonization. Example: Protecting the rights of ____ is essential for cultural diversity.

Combat overpopulation

(verb phrase: chống quá tải dân số) Taking active measures to manage unsustainable population growth in cities. Example: Sustainable planning can help cities ____ and ease resource pressure.

Cultural heritage

(noun phrase: di sản văn hóa) Traditions and monuments inherited from past generations. Example: Development projects should modernize infrastructure without destroying ____.

Constitutional monarch

(noun phrase: quân chủ lập hiến) A symbolic head of state whose powers are limited by a constitution. Example: The ruler acts strictly as a ____ with no direct political authority.

Distant ancestors

(noun phrase: tổ tiên xa xưa) Relatives who lived many generations ago in historical times. Example: Trace analysis allows people to learn about the lives of their ____.

Chronological order

(noun phrase: thứ tự thời gian) Organized in the exact sequence in which historical events occurred. Example: The museum timeline was arranged in ____ to show civilizational progression.

Former colony

(noun phrase: cựu thuộc địa) A region previously governed and occupied by a foreign imperial power. Example: Nations that were once a ____ still maintain strong trade links.

Legacy of colonialism

(noun phrase: di sản thực dân) The lasting social and economic effects left behind by imperial rule. Example: Understanding geopolitical issues requires examining the ____ in developing regions.

Conduct census

(verb phrase: tiến hành điều tra dân số) To officially count and collect statistical details about a population. Example: National governments routinely ____ every ten years.

Elderly people

(noun phrase: người cao tuổi) Older adults or senior citizens. Example: Communities must design facilities to support ____.

Preserve family bonds

(verb phrase: duy trì gắn kết gia đình) Maintaining family ties. Example: Seniors prioritize time to ____.

Retired

(adjective: đã nghỉ hưu) Having left the workforce. Example: ____ individuals often look for structured routines.

Veterinarian

(noun: bác sĩ thú y) A qualified professional who treats diseased or injured animals. Example: A ____ must undergo rigorous medical training specialized in animal care.

Midwife

(noun: nữ hộ sinh / hộ sinh) A trained medical professional who assists women during childbirth and provides prenatal and postnatal care. Example: A certified ____ provides essential support and monitoring to mothers throughout pregnancy and delivery.

Coastal city

(noun phrase: thành phố ven biển) An urban settlement located directly on or near a coastline. Example: Da Nang is a beautiful ____ known for its long sandy beaches and refreshing atmosphere.

Refreshing atmosphere

(noun phrase: bầu không khí trong lành) An environment that feels cool, clean, and revitalizing. Example: Escaping to the mountains provides a ____ that helps clear the mind.

Crowded but lively

(adjective phrase: đông đúc nhưng náo nhiệt) Full of people and activity in an energetic, vibrant way rather than just an annoying one. Example: The local market was ____, filled with bright lights and cheerful sounds.

Sentimental value

(noun phrase: giá trị tinh thần) The worth of an object based on emotional attachment or personal memories rather than monetary price. Example: Even though the old item is worn out, I keep it because it holds deep ____.

Remind me of

(verb phrase: gợi nhắc về) Causing someone to remember a specific person, place, or past event. Example: Certain songs always tend to ____ my past travel experiences.

Thoughtful gesture

(noun phrase: hành động chu đáo) A kind action done deliberately to show care or consideration for someone else. Example: Helping me organize my study notes before the test was a very ____.

deprived

(adjective: thiếu thốn / bị tước đoạt - ________ of basic needs) Suffering from a lack of a specified benefit, especially living conditions or food. Synonyms: disadvantaged, underprivileged, impoverished. Example: Growing up in a ____ area taught him to appreciate the value of education.

government-run

(adjective: do chính phủ quản lý) Operated, funded, and managed by the government. Synonyms: state-owned, public, official. Example: The local hospital is a ____ institution providing free healthcare to citizens.

capitalism

(noun: chủ nghĩa tư bản) An economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit. Synonyms: free enterprise, market economy. Example: Modern ____ relies heavily on private investment and free-market competition.