WWI Chapter 9 Test Review: U.S. Involvement, Battles & Alliances

What did the Espionage and Sedition Act do?

Made it a crime to criticize the war.

What were the American Expeditionary Forces?

A force of troops ordered by President Wilson and led by General Pershing.

What is isolationism?

The position taken by the U.S. that separated it from the affairs of other countries.

Who was John J. Pershing?

The commander of the American Expeditionary Forces.

What was the Battle of Argonne Forest?

The last major offensive and part of the Meuse-Argonne offensive.

What is self-determination?

The belief that all nations should choose their own government.

What was the U.S. foreign policy at the beginning of WWI?

Neutrality.

What were tanks (Renault FT) primarily used for in WWI?

Protecting troops while breaking through enemy lines.

What was a similarity between Wilson's Fourteen Points and Roosevelt's Atlantic Charter?

Both outlined principles for building a lasting world peace.

What did the arms race lead to in World War I?

Militarism.

Why did American troops not immediately join the fight on the front lines?

They were waiting until they were trained.

What was an important goal of the U.S. after WWI?

To avoid involvement in foreign conflict.

What military tactic used by the Germans led the U.S. into WWI?

All out submarine warfare.

Who were the Triple Entente?

France, the UK, and Russia.

What was the major purpose of Wilson's 14 Points?

To set goals for achieving world peace after WWI.

What reason did Wilson give for Americans entering WWI?

"To make the world safe for democracy."

How many fronts were in WWI and what were they?

Three: western, southern, and eastern.

How did WWI affect the U.S. economy?

It caused an economic boom.

Where were American troops deployed in Europe?

Western Front.

What did the heavy toll on European countries allow the U.S. to become?

An economic power.

What did the U.S. emerge as after WWI?

A global superpower.

What was the objective of the Meuse-Argonne Offensive?

To break through German lines.

Why did the U.S. Senate refuse to ratify the Treaty of Versailles?

They feared it would drag the U.S. into future wars.

What battles did the U.S. fight alongside the British and French armies?

Cantigny and Chateau Thierry.

How did the U.S. demonstrate isolationism after WWI?

By not joining the League of Nations.

What is the Congressional Medal of Honor?

The highest military decoration.

Why did the U.S. find it difficult to remain neutral during the first three years of the war?

Due to cultural and economic ties to the Allies.

What was the primary use of machine guns in WWI?

Defensive weapons.

What were the three long-term causes of WWI?

Militarism, alliances, and imperialism.

What were the reasons for the U.S. entering WWI?

Germany's submarine warfare and the Zimmermann telegram.

How many troops did the U.S. send to Europe by the end of the war?

2 million.

Why did the industrial sector in the U.S. see growth during WWI?

Due to the demand for weapons, ships, and ammunition.

What alliances were formed at the beginning of WWI?

Great Britain, France, and Russia.

What was the purpose of using poisonous gas during the war?

To break the stalemate of trench warfare.

What was one lasting effect of WWI in America that the public positively perceived?

The government managing the U.S. economy.

What was the significance of the First Battle of the Marne?

French and British armies were able to halt Germany's advance.

What did the combination of machine guns and trench warfare lead to?

A stalemate between Allied and Central Forces.

What did George Washington warn against in his farewell address?

Getting involved in European alliances.

What led to a stalemate in the war in 1917?

Trench warfare.

What was the effect of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand?

Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia.

Why did the U.S. have an increase in government spending between 1916-1918?

Due to military buildup in response to U.S. entry into WWI.