Walker Maths 1.4 Mathematical Reasoning Formulas

Pythagoras Theorem

a² + b² = c²

Area of a Triangle

½ × base × height (½bh)

Area of a Rectangle

length × width (lw)

Area of a Circle

π × radius² (πr²)

Circumference of a Circle

2 × π × radius (2πr) or π × diameter (d)

Volume of a Prism

area of cross-section × length (Ah)

Volume of a Cylinder

π × radius² × height (πr²h)

Gradient (Slope) of a Line

(y₂ - y₁) / (x₂ - x₁)

Equation of a Straight Line

y = mx + c

Quadratic Formula

x = (-b ± √(b² - 4ac)) / (2a)

Sin Ratio (Trigonometry)

sin(θ) = Opposite / Hypotenuse (O/H)

Cos Ratio (Trigonometry)

cos(θ) = Adjacent / Hypotenuse (A/H)

Tan Ratio (Trigonometry)

tan(θ) = Opposite / Adjacent (O/A)

Speed / Rate Formula

Distance / Time (d/t)

Percentage Increase/Decrease

(Difference / Original Amount) × 100