Facial Bones + other bones and structures

14 facial bones.

Mandible

1 bone. forms the lower jaw

body, ramus, condylar process, coronoid process, angle, mental foramen, mandibular foramen, alveoli, mandibular symphysis

Markings of the mandible

Maxilla

2 bones. each forms anterior portion of the face; upper jaw and parts of hard palate, inferior parts of orbits, and part of the walls of nasal cavity

alveoli, palatine process, infraorbital foramen

Markings of maxilla

Palatine bone

2 bones. each forms posterior part of hard palate; also forms small part of nasal cavity and and orbit wall. L shaped bone. no markings

Zygomatic bone

2 bones. each forms a cheek and lateral part of the orbit. no markings

Lacrimal bone

2 bones. each forms part of the medial wall of the orbit.

Nasal bone

2 bones. form most of the bridge of the nose. no markings

Vomer

1 bone. forms inferior and posterior part of nasal septum. no markings

Inferior nasal concha

2 bones. forms inferior part of lateral wall of nasal cavity; causes turbulent airflow. no markings

Hyoid bone

1 bone. only bone in body that doesn’t connect to another bone. u-shaped bone that helps you speak, swallow, and breathe. in the anterior midline of the neck. no markings

Paranasal sinuses (all paired mucous membrane cavities)

four paired cavities in your face. include the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid and maxillary sinuses.

frontal sinus, ethmoidal sinus, maxillary sinus, sphenoidal sinus

Markings of the paranasal sinuses

Glabella

found along the midline anterior aspect of the frontal bone

Supraorbital foramen (notch)

hole/notch on the superior ridge of orbit

Sagittal suture

connects the left and right parietal bones along the midline of the skull. lies along the sagittal plane

Coronal suture

articulation b/w frontal and parietal bones. lies along coronal plane

Squamous suture

on each side of the skull. site where the temporal bone and the parietal bone of that side articulate. Usually doesn’t fuse until late adulthood or may not fuse at all

External auditory (acoustic) meatus

opening into external auditory canal

Styloid process

serves as attachment point for muscles controlling tongue

Mastoid process

attachment point for muscles of neck

mandibular fossa

point of articulation w. head of mandible, forming the temporomandibular joint

zygomatic process

projection that articulates w/ temporal process of the zygomatic bone

Lambdoidal suture

joins parietal bones w/ the occipital bone

Occipitomastoid suture

connects the occipital bone w/ the portion of the temporal bone that houses the mastoid process

Foramen magnum

large hole for passage of spinal cord

Occipital condyle

smooth surface for articulation w/ atlas (first cervical vertebra)

External occipital protuberance

large projection palpated on the posterior aspect of the head; muscle attachment point