biostats exam part 6

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16 Terms

1
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  1. four questions to ask yourself before choosing a statistical test for data analysis: 


  1. what type of data do I have? 

  2. how many samples or groups are being compared? 

  3. what is the purpose of the analysis? 

  4. what assumptions can I make about the data? (distribution, sample size)


2
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  1. what does the correct test depend on? 


  1. type of data

  2. study design

  3. research question

  4. assumptions made


3
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  1. when is a parametric test used? 


  1. when data is numerical and normally distributed


4
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  1. when is a nonparametric test used? 


  1. when data is categorical, true distribution is unknown


5
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  1. what are examples of parametric tests? 


  1. testing for a mean

  2. determining the difference between independent / dependent means

  3. correlation and regression


6
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  1. what are examples of nonparametric tests? 


  1. testing for a proportion

  2. determining the difference between two proportions

  3. chi-square test of independence


7
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  1. what does it mean to have two independent groups? 


  1. you’re comparing two separate groups of individuals

  2. two proportions or two means


8
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  1. what does it mean to have one sample vs. a population or hypothesized value? 


you have one sample and want to determine whether it differs from a known or expected value

9
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  1. what does it mean to have paired or related measurements? 


  1. you have two sets of measurements from the same individuals or matched units

  2. ex. before or after, relationship between two variables


10
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  1. when do you use a test for proportion? 


  1. when one categorical outcome is compared with an expected proportion


11
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  1. when do you use a test of two proportions? 


  1. comparing proportions between two groups


12
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  1. when do you use a chi-square test of independence? 


  1. when determining whether two categorical variables are associated


13
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  1. when do you test for a mean? 


  1. when comparing one sample mean with a hypothesized mean


14
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  1. when do you use two independent means test? 


  1. comparing the means of two separate groups


15
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  1. when you use two paired means test? 


  1. comparing two related measurements

  2. comparing blood pressure before and after treatment


16
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  1. when do you use a correlation and regression test? 


  1. when investigating a relationship between numerical variables