Lower Limb Bones and Joints

which bone

pelvic bone

main features of pelvic bone

• blue = ilium

• yellow = pubis

• red = ischium

• 4 = acetabulum

landmarks of pelvic bone

1. ala

2. greater sciatic notch

3. ischial spine

4. lesser sciatic notch

5. ischial tuberosity

6. pubic tubercle

7. acetabulum

8. anterior superior iliac spine

sacroiliac joint

• plane joint

• sacroiliac ligaments

• sacrotuberous ligament - sacrum + ischial tuberosity

• sacrospinous ligament - sacrum + ischial spine

pubic symphysis

secondary cartilaginous joint/symphysis - btwn 2 pelvic bones

which bone

femur

landmarks of femur - which view is which

• A = anterior

1. head

2. neck

3. greater trochanter

4. lesser trochanter

5. linea aspera

6. lateral epicondyle

7. medial epicondyle

8. lateral condyle

9. medial condyle

10. intercondylar notch/fossa

hip joint

ball and socket joint

• femoral head +acetabulum = congruent

• strong capsule

which bone

tibia

which bone

fibula

landmarks of tibia and fibula

• A = anterior

1. tibial plateau

2. inferior articular surface

3. tibial tuberosity

4. fibular head

5. medial malleolus

6. lateral malleolus

7. interosseous membrane

knee joint

• modified hinge joint

• 2 synovial joints in 1 capsule - tibiofemoral and patellofemoral

• medial and lateral meniscus

• collateral and cruciate ligaments

landmarks of knee joint - which view

anterior view

1. lateral collateral ligament

2. medial collateral ligament

3. medial meniscus

4. anterior cruciate ligament

5. posterior cruciate ligament

6. lateral meniscus

tibiofibular joints

• superior = plane joint

• inferior = fibrous joint/syndesmosis

talocrural joint

ankle

• hinge joint

• dorsiflexion and plantarflexion