World History Exam 2 (2)

The Middle Ages or Medieval Period (broken Early, High, Late) - years

500-1500

Charles Martel defeats Muslim forces at tours (end of N. expansion) - year

732

Charlemagne crowned emperor by the pope (Christmas day) - year

800

The era of the Crusades - years

1095 - 1291

The Fourth Lateran Council affirms Transubstantiation - year

1215

Christendom definition

church and state fused together

What was the Curia?

became the “college of cardinals” which was created to select a pope

What was primogeniture?

the right of an eldest son to succeed to the estate of his father at the exclusion of all his siblings

What was Simony?

The buying and selling of spiritual or church benefits

Who were the Franks?

Germanic peoples with a kingdom located in modern France and Germany

Who was Charles Martel also known as?

the Hammer

Who was Charles Martel and what did he do?

He served as Mayor of the palace and defeated an Islamic army near Tours

What did Pepin the Great do?

gave the pope territory in central Italy

What did these territories became known as?

Papal States

What was Charlemagne’s empire?

established his rule over much of the former Roman Empire in Europe

What did Charlemagne enlist for his empire?

missi dominici (traveling inspectors)

When was Coronation?

Christmas day in Rome

What was Coronation?

during mass, Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne

What did Charlemagne take the notion of and how?

church-state cooperation by attaching it to Europe

What did Charlemagne bequeath (handed down/passed on) to generations?

Christendom

What school did Charlemagne begin?

the Carolingian Renaissance

The Hegira (Hijra) - year 1 of the Islamic calendar - year

622