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E. Coli Cell Length
2 µm (micrometers)
E. Coli Cell Diameter
1 µm (micrometer)
E. Coli Cell Volume
1 µm3 (micrometer cubed) = 10-15 liters = 1 femtoliter
E. Coli Cell Mass
1 pg (picogram)
E. Coli Generation Time (time between cell divisions)
1 hour
Avogadro's Constant
6×10²³
210
approx. 1000
220
410 = approx. 106
Deci (d)
10-1
Centi (c)
10-2
Milli (m)
10⁻³
Micro (µ)
10-6
Nano (n)
10-9
Pico (p)
10-12
Femto (f)
10-15
Atto (a)
10-18
Zepto (z)
10-21
Yocto (y)
10-24
Deca (da)
101
Hecto (ha)
102
Kilo (k)
10³
Mega (M)
10⁶
Giga (G)
10⁹
Tera (T)
10¹²
Peta (P)
10¹⁵
Exa (E)
1018
Zetta (Z)
1021
Yotta (Y)
1024
e7
10³
100.1
1.3
sqrt(2)
1.4
sqrt(0.5)
0.7
ln(10)
2.3
ln(2)
0.7
log10(2)
0.3
log10(3)
0.5
log2(10)
3
Seconds in a year
pi x 107
Seconds in a day
105
Hours in a year
104
Cells in the human body
4×1013
Yeast Cell Volume
30 micrometers cubed = 30 femtoliters
Yeast Cell Diameter
5 micrometers
Yeast Generation Time
3 hours
Mammalian (HeLa) Cell Volume
3000 femtoliter
Mammalian (HeLa) Cell Diameter
20 micrometers
Mammalian (HeLa) Cell Generation Time
1 day
Number of bacterial cells in the human gut
4×1013
Mean diameter of a protein (true for E. coli, yeast, and humans)
4-5 nanometers
Number of proteins per μm3 of cell volume (true for E. coli, yeast, and humans
2-4 x 10^6
Average distance between proteins in living cells (according to Hoffman)
<10 nanometers
Diameter of a water molecule
0.3 nanometers