Practical Lab 3

Region between the SCM and trapezius: ______

Lateral

Region in front of the SCM: ______

Anterior

Occipital triangle region: ______

Lateral

Occipital triangle contents: ______

CN XI, cervical plexus branches, EJV (terminal part), lymph nodes

Omoclavicular triangle is also called the ______ triangle

Subclavian

Omoclavicular (subclavian) triangle region: ______

Lateral

Omoclavicular (subclavian) triangle contents: ______

3rd part of subclavian artery, subclavian vein (often), trunks of brachial plexus

Submandibular triangle region: ______

Anterior

Submandibular triangle contents: ______

Submandibular gland, hypoglossal nerve, facial artery and vein, lymph nodes

Submental triangle region: ______

Anterior

Submental triangle contents: ______

Submental lymph nodes

Carotid triangle region: ______

Anterior

Carotid triangle contents: ______

Common carotid bifurcation, ICA, ECA branches, IJV, vagus, hypoglossal, deep cervical nodes

Muscular triangle region: ______

Anterior

Muscular triangle contents: ______

Infrahyoid muscles, thyroid and parathyroid glands

Platysma attachments: ______ → ______

Fascia over pectoralis major and deltoid → mandible and skin of lower face

Platysma nerve: ______

CN VII (cervical branch)

Platysma action: ______

Tenses neck skin; depresses mandible and corners of mouth

SCM attachments: ______ → ______

Manubrium (sternal head) and medial clavicle → mastoid process and lateral superior nuchal line

SCM nerve: ______ (motor); ______ (proprioception)

CN XI (motor); C2–C3 (proprioception)

SCM unilateral action: tilts head to ______ side, turns face to ______ side

Same; opposite

SCM bilateral action: ______

Flexes neck; elevates sternum in forced inspiration

Anterior scalene attachments: ______ → ______

C3–C6 anterior tubercles → scalene tubercle of 1st rib

Anterior scalene nerve: ______

C4–C6 anterior rami

Anterior scalene action: ______

Elevates 1st rib; flexes neck laterally

Middle scalene attachments: ______ → ______

C4–C7 posterior tubercles → 1st rib behind subclavian groove

Middle scalene nerve: ______

Cervical anterior rami

Middle scalene action: ______

Flexes neck laterally; elevates 1st rib

Posterior scalene attachments: ______ → ______

C4–C6 posterior tubercles → 2nd rib

Posterior scalene nerve: ______

C7–C8 anterior rami

Posterior scalene action: ______

Flexes neck laterally; elevates 2nd rib

Phrenic nerve roots: ______ (mainly ______)

C3, C4, C5 (mainly C4)

Phrenic nerve descends vertically on the ______ surface of the ______, deep to ______

Anterior surface of the anterior scalene, deep to prevertebral fascia

Phrenic nerve passes between the ______ (anterior) and ______ (posterior)

Subclavian vein (anterior) and subclavian artery (posterior)

Phrenic nerve function: ______

Sole motor supply to the diaphragm

Vagus (CN X) lies inside the ______

Carotid sheath

Vagus position in the carotid sheath: ______ and between the ______ (medial) and ______ (lateral)

Posterior; carotid artery (medial) and IJV (lateral)

CN XI supplies SCM from its ______ surface

Deep

CN XI emerges at the junction of the ______ and ______ thirds of the posterior SCM border

Superior and middle

CN XI crosses the lateral cervical region inferolaterally on ______

Levator scapulae

CN XI passes deep to the anterior border of trapezius about ______ above the clavicle

3 to 5 cm

CN XI is superficial in the lateral cervical region, so a ______ can injure it

Lymph node biopsy

CN XI injury signs: ______

Shoulder droop, weak shrug

Right common carotid arises from the ______

Brachiocephalic trunk

Left common carotid arises from the ______

Aortic arch

Common carotid branches in the neck: ______

None

Common carotid bifurcates at the ______ (______)

Superior border of the thyroid cartilage (C3–C4)

Internal carotid branches in the neck: ______

None

Internal carotid enters the skull through the ______

Carotid canal

External carotid branches (6 non-terminal): ______

Superior thyroid, ascending pharyngeal, lingual, facial, occipital, posterior auricular

External carotid terminal branches: ______ and ______

Maxillary and superficial temporal

Carotid sheath extends from the ______ to the ______

Cranial base to the root of the neck

Carotid sheath contents: ______

Common and internal carotid artery (medial), IJV (lateral), vagus (posterior, between them); also deep cervical lymph nodes

The subclavian artery is divided into 3 parts by the ______

Anterior scalene

Subclavian artery 1st part: relation to anterior scalene = ______

Medial

Subclavian artery 1st part branches: ______

Vertebral, internal thoracic, thyrocervical trunk

Subclavian artery 2nd part: relation to anterior scalene = ______

Posterior

Subclavian artery 2nd part branch: ______

Costocervical trunk

Subclavian artery 3rd part: relation to anterior scalene = ______

Lateral

Subclavian artery 3rd part branch: ______

Dorsal scapular (often)

Subclavian artery becomes the axillary artery at the ______

Lateral border of 1st rib

External jugular formation: ______ + ______, near the angle of the mandible

Posterior auricular + posterior division of retromandibular vein

External jugular course: crosses SCM ______ (deep to ______) → ______

Superficially (deep to platysma) → subclavian vein

Internal jugular formation: continuation of ______ at the ______

Sigmoid sinus at the jugular foramen

Internal jugular course: descends in the ______ → joins ______ behind the ______

Carotid sheath → subclavian vein behind the sternal end of the clavicle

Subclavian vein formation: continuation of ______ at ______

Axillary vein at lateral border of 1st rib

Subclavian vein course: passes ______ to anterior scalene and phrenic nerve → joins ______

Anterior → IJV

Brachiocephalic vein formation: ______ + ______, behind the ______

IJV + subclavian, behind the sternoclavicular joint

The junction of IJV + subclavian is called the ______

Venous angle

The thoracic duct drains into the venous angle on the ______

Left

Right and left brachiocephalic veins unite to form the ______

SVC