Impact of Third-Party Candidates in the 2016 Presidential Election

Vocabulary flashcards covering the impact of third-party candidates in swing states during the 2016 U.S. presidential election.

Jill Stein and Gary Johnson

The third-party presidential candidates in 2016 whose combined vote counts in key swing states exceeded Donald Trump's margin of victory over Hillary Clinton.

Michigan 2016 Presidential Election Margins

The state election outcome where Donald Trump won by a margin of $+11{,}837$ votes, while Jill Stein and Gary Johnson together received $223{,}707$ votes.

Pennsylvania 2016 Presidential Election Margins

The state election outcome where Donald Trump won by a margin of $+68{,}236$ votes, while third-party candidates Jill Stein and Gary Johnson earned $191{,}565$ votes.

Wisconsin 2016 Presidential Election Margins

The state election outcome where Donald Trump won by a margin of $+27{,}257$ votes, compared to $137{,}422$ votes cast for third-party candidates Jill Stein and Gary Johnson.

Third-Party Vote Absorption Strategy

A campaign tactic where major-party presidential candidates adopt platform issues that are popular with third-party voters to pull votes away from minor-party contenders.

$70\%$ Third-Party Reallocation Scenario

A hypothetical model in which Hillary Clinton receives $70\%$ of the Stein/Johnson vote, leading her to carry Michigan ($2.42$ million to $2.35$ million), Pennsylvania ($2.98$ million to $2.97$ million), and Wisconsin ($1.47$ million to $1.46$ million).